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1、 模拟 翻译三级笔译实务模拟 15theSecti on IEn glishChi neseTran slati onTran slatefollowing two passages into Chinese .第 1 题：A recent study in the United States reports that the family life, education and health of Americas children are generally improving, though child poverty has risen for the first time in a
2、decade, according to the governments broadest measure of childrens wellbeing.The report shows that the teenage birth rate is down, young people are less likely to be involved in violent crimes and the death rate for this group has declined.Experts say that teenagers who give birth are less likely to
3、 finish high school or to graduate from college than other girls of their age. Also, infants born to teenage mothers are more likely to be of low birth weight, which increases their chances of blindness, deafness, mental retardation, mental illness and cerebral palsy.The study shows that young peopl
4、e were less likely to be victimized in a serious violent crime - murder, rape, robbery or aggravated assault - or to commit one. In 2002, there were 11 serious violent crimes per 1,000 people aged 12 to 17, compared with 15 per 1,000 youths in 2001.Child mortality declined, too. In 2000, there were
5、18 deaths for every 100,000 children aged 5 to 14; a year later, there were 17 deaths for every 100,000 children in this age group. The infant mortality rate slightly increased. Seven of every 1,000 infants died before their first birthday in 2002, compared with a record low of 6.8 per. 1,000 in 200
6、1.Still, children are more likely to be overweight than they were before and child poverty has inched up after several years of decline.The number of overweight children increased to 16 percent between 1999 and 2000, compared with from 11 percent in the early 1990s and 6 percent in the late 1970s.Th
7、at development jeopardizes our childrens future, making them vulnerable to chronic conditions such as diabetes and hypertension previously associated more with adults than with children, said Edward J. Sondik, director of the Center for Disease Controls National Center for Health Statistics.The repo
8、rt said Mexican-American boys were at the highest risk, with 27 percent overweight followed by non-Hispanic girls at 23percent.The child obesity issue is a major cause for concern, a health expert said to reporters.This is a trend thats been at work since 1980 . and as a trend, it shows no sign of r
9、eversing, the expert said.Child poverty also grew, reaching 11. 6 million in 2002, compared with 11. 2 million a year earlier. Children living with single females continued to experience a higher poverty rate in 2002 than their counterparts in married-couple families - 40 percent compared with 9 per
10、cent.In 2002, 73 million children under 18 lived in the United States and made up 25 percent of the population.参考答案： 据美国一项最新研究报告说，按照美国政府关于少年儿童福利的最低标准， 尽管少年儿童贫困率在近十年里首次出现上升势头， 但是美国少年儿童的家庭生 活、教育以及健康状况普遍得到了改善。 这项研究显示，少年儿童生育率、 涉及少年儿童的暴力犯罪率以及少年儿童死亡率都有所下降。 专家们指出， 跟别的同龄女性比， 少年妈妈完不成中学或大学学业的可能性更大， 而且由少年 妈妈生产
11、的婴儿多有体重偏低者， 而体重偏低的婴儿更容易患失明、 聋哑、精神 发育不全、精神病和大脑性麻痹症。 研究表明，少年儿童成为谋杀、强奸、 抢劫或加重恐吓行为等严重暴力犯罪的受害者或从事此类犯罪的人数有所下降。 2002年，年龄在 12-17 岁的未成年人中涉及严重暴力犯罪的比例是 11 起/1 000 人，而 2001年则是 15 起/1 000人。少年儿童死亡率也有所下降。 2000年，年龄在 5-14 岁的儿童死亡率为 18/100000，到 2001 年则下降为 17/100000。但 婴儿死亡率稍有上升。 2002 年，未满周岁儿童死亡率是 7/1 000，超过了 2001 年的历史最
12、低点 6.8/1000 。 不过，少年儿童肥胖症较之以前有所增加，而 且过去几年呈下降趋势的少年儿童贫困率开始抬头。 少年儿童肥胖人数， 从 1970年代末的 6%和 1990年代初的 11%，增加到 1999年到 2000 年之间的 16%。 疾病控制中心下属的全国健康统计中心主任爱德华J桑迪克说，这种状况“会危及孩子们未来的发展，因为肥胖容易引发像糖尿病和高血压这样的慢性疾病， 而以前这些疾病以成人患者居多。 ” 报告显示， 墨西哥裔男孩患肥胖症的比 例最高，达到 27%，其次是非西班牙 （或墨西哥 ）裔女孩，达到 23%。一位健康专家对记者说，儿童肥胖问题应当引起人们的关注。这位专家说，
13、“从 1980 年来，这种情况早已成为一种趋势而且现在并没有任何逆转的迹象。” 此外，少年儿童贫困人数也有所增加， 2002年达到 1160万，而 2001年是 1120万。 2002 年，与单身母亲生活在一起的少年儿童，继续保持高于生活在婚姻家庭中 的少年儿童贫困率前者为 40%，后者为 9%。 ）2002年，美国 18 岁以下未成年人数为 7300万， 占全国总人口的 25%。详细解答： 采分点解析 1. A recent study in the United States reports thatthe family life, education and health of Amer
14、icas children are generally improving, though child poverty has risen for the first time in a decade, according to the governments broadest measure of childrens wellbeing. 据美国一项最新研究报告说， 按照美国政府关于少年儿 童福利的最低标准， 尽管少年儿童贫困率在近十年里首次出现上升势头， 但是美 国少年儿童的家庭生活、 教育以及健康状况普遍得到了改善。 分析 理解结构 采分点。 “ . though child pover
15、ty has risen for the first time in adecade”本句是对首句表达内容的一个转折， 因此应根据汉语表达习惯，在翻译 时将其放在首句。即， “尽管少年儿童贫困率在近十年里首次出现上升势头，但 是美国少年儿童的家庭生活、教育以及健康状况普遍得到了改善”。2Thereport shows that the teenage birth rate is down， young people are lesslikely to be involved in violent crimes and the death rate for this group has decl
16、ined. 这项研究显示，少年儿童生育率、涉及少年儿童的暴力犯 罪率以及少年儿童死亡率都有所下降。 分析 理解结构采分点。 选词用词采 分点。Birth rate，本应指“出生率”，但是根据本段后文的意思，这里的teenage birth rate 应该指的是“青少年生育率”，而非青少年出生率。 3 Experts say that teenagers who give birth are less likely to finish high school or to graduate from college than other girls of their age. Also ， infants born to teenage mothers are more likely to be of low birth weight，which i
