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1、2022年考博英语-中国人民大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题问题1选项A.sent upB.sent offC.sent outD.sent in【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析。send up使上升；send off寄出，派遣；send out发送；send in递送，呈报。根据句意可知，这里指“递交辞呈”，所以选项D符合句意。2. 单选题Two of the children have to sleep in one bed, but the other three have （ ） ones.问题1选项A.similarB.singularC.differentD.sepa
2、rate【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。句意：两个孩子必须睡在一张床上，而另外三个孩子睡在不同的床上。根据语境可知，这里指分开的独立的床，选项D符合语境。3. 单选题The Jatakana culture encompasses every（ ）of life from beliefs, superstitions, and practices to art, education and tourism.问题1选项A.respectB.inspectC.aspectD.suspect【答案】C【解析】形近词词义辨析。根据句意可知这里指Jatakana文化覆盖了生活的方方面面，选项C符合句意
3、。4. 单选题Melissa is a computer （ ）that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.问题1选项A.geniusB.virusC.diseaseD.bacteria【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析和上下文语义。根据下句“destroyed files in computers”可推测Melissa是一种计算机病毒，选项B符合语境。5. 单选题During his two-month stay in China, Tom never （ ）a chan
4、ce to practice his Chinese.问题1选项A.passed onB.passed upC.passed byD.passed out【答案】B【解析】动词词组辨析。pass on传递，继续，去世；pass up拒绝，错过；pass by走过，经过；pass out分发，昏倒。这里指没有错过一次练习中文的机会。选项B符合句意。6. 单选题（ ） the gift in beautiful green paper, Sarah departed for the party.问题1选项A.Having wrappedB.To wrapC.WrapD.Wrapping【答案】A【
5、解析】这里是动词的现在分词作伴随状语，根据主句的时态可知，本句应用现在完成时。所以选项A正确。7. 单选题British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would not be fired without an attempt to win a further U. N. sanction.问题1选项A.alliesB.delegatesC.votersD.juries【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。electorate的前缀为elect-（选-），可以推测出electorate意为“选民”，所以选项C正
6、确。8. 单选题Our journey was slow because the train stopped （ ）at different villages.问题1选项A.graduallyB.continuouslyC.constantlyD.continually【答案】D【解析】副词词义辨析。gradually逐渐地；continuously连续不断地；constantly不断地，时常地；continually不断地，频繁地。句意：我们的旅行很慢，因为火车频繁地在不同的村庄停靠。选项D更符合语境。9. 单选题（ ） the increase in the number of compu
7、ters in our offices, the amount of paper that we need has risen as well.问题1选项A.Along withB.AltogetherC.AlthoughD.All along【答案】A【解析】along with随同.一起；altogether完全，总而言之；although尽管，虽然；all along始终，一直。句意：随着我们办公室电脑数量的增加，我们需要的纸的数量也增加了。选项A符合句意。10. 单选题Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to s
8、ee the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its advantages. He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England.“One man draws out the wire; another strengthens it; a third cuts it; a fourth points it; a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the
9、head. To make the head requires two or three operations. To put it on is a separate operation, to polish the pins is another. And the important business of making pins is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in
10、 others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them.”Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4, 800 pins per worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, none of them could have made twenty pins i
11、n a day and perhaps not even one.There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it a
12、ccounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. But division of labor adds nothing new; it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.1.According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to （ ）.2.Adam Smith saw that the division of labor （
13、 ）.3.Adam Smith mentioned the number 4,800 in order to （ ）.4.According to the writer, Adam Smiths mistake was in believing that division of labor （ ） .5.Which of the following could serve as an appropriate title for the passage?问题1选项A.take advantage of the division of laborB.introduce the division o
14、f labor into EnglandC.understand the effects of the division of laborD.explain the causes of the division of labor问题2选项A.enabled each worker to make pins more quickly and more cheaplyB.increased the possible output per workerC.increased the number of people employed in factoriesD.improved the qualit
15、y of pins produced问题3选项A.show the advantages of the division of laborB.show the advantages of the old craft systemC.emphasize how powerful the individual worker wasD.emphasize the importance of increased production问题4选项A.was an efficient way of organizing workB.was an important development in methods of productionC.certa
