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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2019届二轮复习阅读理解中长难句结构及词汇分析一、The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively.【句式翻译】年轻人越接触经济问题，他们就能越早地了解这些问题，他们就更有可
2、能成为有责任感的、早作打算的成年人，能够有信心地、有效地管理自己的经济问题。【句式分析】本句含有“the+比较级，the+比较级”的句式，同时又含有一个who引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词adults。【词语点拨】1) expose vt.揭露；使暴露；be exposed to暴露于；接触We must expose this shameful activity to the newspapers. 我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。 We should allow children to be exposed to new ideas. 我们应当让孩子们接触新思想。2）manage v.
3、应付，设法对付；管理；能解决；manage to do设法做成We need people who are good at managing. 我们需要擅长管理的人。 He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time. 他设法把游客及时送到机场。 Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not managed carefully. 如果掌控小帆船不够小心，它们在水中就容易翻。【语法点拨】“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越越”。如：The mo
4、re we get together, the happier well be. 我们越是多聚会, 我们越快乐。The longer she worked at it, the more enthusiastic she became. 她越干越来劲。二、In todays world, winners are celebrated and treated as heroes, but if doping and gene-therapy continue to affect the outcomes of major sporting events, the word “hero” will
5、 have lost all meaning. 【句式翻译】在当今世界，人们祝贺获胜者，并把他们看作英雄，但如果服用兴奋剂和基因治疗继续影响着主要体育项目的成绩的话，“英雄”就失去了它的全部意义。【句式分析】本句是由并列连词but连接的复合句，第二个分句运用了将来完成时，同时，包含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。【词语点拨】1) celebrate vt.庆祝The whole city celebrated the New Year with fireworks. 全城放焰火来庆祝新年。2) affect vt.影响，感动 I told him firmly that his opinion
6、will not affect my decision.我坚定的告诉他，他的观点不会影响我的决定。The audience present was deeply affected by his speech.在场的听众都被他的演讲深深地打动了。三、One of the earliest epidemics on record happened about 500-550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time was attempting to rebuild the Roman Empire. 【句式翻译】历史上有记载的最早的传染病之一发生在公元500-5
7、50年，当时的罗马皇帝正在试图重建罗马帝国。【句式分析】本句包含一个when引导的限制性定语从句，从句中运用了过去进行时。【词语点拨】attempt v.& n.尝试，试图William attempted to find the solution to the problem. 威廉试图找到问题的解决办法。He was nearly drowned in the attempt to swim across. 他在试图游到对岸去时差一点被淹死。【语法点拨】过去进行时的构成：was/were doing，表示“过去某个时间正在进行的动作”。常用的时间状语有this morning, the w
8、hole morning, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。如：What was he writing all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在写什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来受伤了。四、 Adverts are not only made and paid for by business, but also by individuals, organizations and as
9、sociations that wish to inform or educate the public. 广告不仅【句式翻译】五、 广告可由商家付费制作，也可以由想给公众传达某种信息或教育公众的个人、组织或协会来出资制作。【句式分析】本句是由并列连词not onlybut also连接的复合句，第一个分句运用了一般现在时的被动语态。【词语点拨】inform vt.通知，告知；构成短语：inform sb of sth通知某人某事I shall inform you soon of the date of my arrival. 我将把我到达的日期通知你。I regret to inform
10、you that I am unable to help you. 我遗憾地告诉你我没法帮助你。【语法点拨】一般现在时的被动语态的构成：is/are done。表示“现在经常性、习惯性的动作，并且主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系”。A lot of food is wasted every year. 每年浪费掉很多食物。Millions of tons of waste and poisonous gases are sent into the air with the smoke. 数百万吨的废气和毒气随着烟尘散发到空中。五、Ever since they were first put on
11、the market in the early 1990s, genetically modified (GM 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world, mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. 【句式翻译】自从二十世纪九十年代早期首次投入市场以来，转基因食物就不断地在很多国家开发和销售，主要是基于想要结束世界粮食危机。【句式分析】本句是一个含有since引导的
12、时间状语从句的复合句，have been developed and marketed是现在完成时的被动语态形式。【词语点拨】basis n. 基础；构成短语：on the basis of 以为基础Dont evaluate a person on the basis of appearance. 不要以相貌取人。Mr. Smith goes to the gym on a regular basis. 史密斯先生定期去健身房。六、The Olympic spirit - the spirit of competition which emphasizes taking part rathe
13、r than winning - has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs. 【句式翻译】奥林匹克精神强调参与而不是取胜的竞技精神已经被为成功而不惜一切代价的愿望所亵渎。【句式分析】本句是复合句,which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词spirit，to succeed修饰desire，作定语。【词语点拨】rather than 与其；不愿；而不是。用于连接两个并列成分，连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致Tom rather than his friends
14、has been chosen. 是汤姆而不是他的朋友们被选中。The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。I decided to send an e-mail rather than telephone. 我决定发邮件而不是打电话。【语法点拨】有些名词后常跟不定式作定语，如：time, way, right, reason, effort, chance, movement, ability, desire, tendency等。如：Thank you for giving me a
15、 chance to make a speech. 谢谢你给我发言的机会。Mr. Green has the ability to bring out the best in others. 格林先生能做到扬人之长。七、When you set out to do something different, theres no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher - to be a published writer - is unbelievably rewarding. 【句式翻译】当着手去做不同的事情，看不到结果，所以，发现自己的名字写在出版商的合同上要成为一个出版作家是令人难以置信的回报。【句式分析】本句是复合句，包含有三个从句，when引导时间状语从句，so引导结果状语从句，where引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词position，to find 在句中作主语。【词语点拨】rewarding adj. 值得的；有报酬的So far my time with these child
