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1、2022年考博英语-江西师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Johns outstanding performance in the competition proved that he was a _ winner.问题1选项A.worthwhileB.worthyC.worthD.worthless【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. worthwhile 重要的，值得的 B. worthy 值得的，值得尊敬、注意的C. worth 值的 D. worthless 无价值的，不值钱的【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】由outstanding performance（出色表现）
2、和prove（证明）可知，a _ winner中的空格应该表示“值得的”。因此，该题选择B项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项表示值得花时间、金钱、努力等，不符合句意；C项只用作表语，不用于名词前作定语；D选项不符合句意。【句意】约翰在比赛中的出色表现证明他是当之无愧的胜利者。2. 单选题The decision _, the next problem was how to make a good plan.问题1选项A.has been madeB.were madeC.having been madeD.making【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. has been made 被做 B. wer
3、e made 被做C. having been made 被做 D. making 做【考查点】独立主格结构。【解题思路】句子主谓宾结构完整，所以空格处只能做非谓语，而decision和the next problem不是同一个逻辑主语，所以前半部分只能做独立主格结构；decision和make之间是被动的关系，而且是决定做出后，下个问题是怎么制定计划，所以只能用having been made，C项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B选项为谓语动词，不符合语法结构；D选项不符合时态，排除。【句意】决定做好之后，下一个问题是如何制定一个好的计划。3. 单选题They _ on a cure for tu
4、berculous while they were doing research on something else.问题1选项A.founderedB.stumbledC.fumbledD.tripped【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. foundered 破产，沉没 B. stumbled 蹒跚而行C. fumbled 笨手笨脚地做 D. tripped 将绊倒【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】由宾语a cure for tuberculous（治疗肺结核）可知，“发现”符合语境，而stumble on为固定搭配，表示“意外发现，偶然发现”。因此，该题选择B项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C选项
5、都不与on搭配；D选项trip on表示“在上失误”，不符合句意。【句意】他们在研究其他东西的时候偶然发现了一种治疗肺结核的方法。4. 单选题_ my mind, Peter is not a good choice.问题1选项A.WithB.ForC.ToD.On【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. With 带有 B. For 为了C. To 对于 D. On 在上；关于【考查点】固定搭配【解题思路】原句语义为“_我的想法（my mind），Peter不是一个好的选择。”固定搭配to my mind“在我看来；依我看”最符合原句语义衔接。C选项To“对于”符合搭配。【干扰项排除】A选项Wit
6、h“带有”，与原文搭配不当；B选项For“为了”，与原文搭配不当；D选项On my mind表示“惦记；担心；挂念”，没有“依我看”符合原句语义衔接。【句意】依我看，Peter不是一个好的选择。5. 单选题What job have you applied _?问题1选项A.withB.toC.atD.for【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. with 带有 B. to 朝；向C. at 在 D. for 为了【考查点】介词搭配与短语辨析【解题思路】原句语义为“你_什么工作”，空格前为applied，固定搭配apply for“申请”符合语义搭配；apply for a job“申请工作”。因
7、此，D选项for“为了”符合搭配要求。【干扰项排除】A选项with“带有”，不符合原文搭配；B选项to“朝；向”，apply to表示“申请”时，其后接的是学校、公司等，与原文“工作”不搭配；apply to还可以表示“适用；应用”；C选项at“在”，不符合原文搭配。【句意】你申请了什么工作？6. 单选题If reading is to accomplish anything than _ time, it must be active.问题1选项A.spendingB.passingC.wastingD.idling【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. spending 花费 B. passi
8、ng 通过C. wasting 浪费 D. idling 混时间，无所事事【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】由前半句句子意思“如果阅读是完成一件事，而不是_时间”可知，空格处应该表示“消磨时间”，pass time表示“消磨时间、打发时间”。因此，B项符合句意。【干扰项排除】A选项spend time（花费时间）、C选项waste time（浪费时间）和D选项idle time（停工时间、空闲时间）不符合句子意思。【句意】如果阅读是完成一件事，而不是消磨时间，那么它必须是积极的。7. 翻译题II. (本题3段，每段10分)Humanistic psychologyHumanistic psych
9、ologists believe that behaviorists are over-concerned with the scientific study and analysis of the actions of man as an organism, to the neglect of basic aspects of man as a feeling, thinking individual, and that too much effort is spent in laboratory research, which quantifies and reduces human be
10、havior to its elements. Humanists also take issue with the deterministic orientation of psychoanalysis, which postulates that mans early experiences and drives determine his behavior. Humanists tend to believe that the individual is responsible for his life and actions and may time creatively change
11、 his attitudes or behavior through awareness and will. The humanist is concerned with the fullest growth of the individual in the areas of love, fulfillment, self-worth, and autonomy; maturation is considered a process during which one establishes and follows ones system of values.Experiment methodT
12、he experiment is a research in which the investigator manipulates a variable carefully controlled conditions and observes whether any changes occur in a second variable as a result. Thus, the purpose of an experiment is to find out how one variable, lets call it X, affects another variable, which we
13、ll call Y. In this formulation, we refer to X as the independent variable to Y as the dependent variable. An independent variable is a condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to see its impact on another variable. A good shortcut for sorting out the independent variables in experimen
14、ts is to fit the variables into the equation “How X affects Y.”IntelligenceIntelligence refers to cognitive abilities of an individual to learn from experience, to reason well, and to cope effectively with the demands of daily living. In short, intelligence has to do with how well a person is able t
15、o use cognition in coping with the world. The term intelligence was not in widespread use until it was popularized in the late 1800s by the writings of Sir Francis Galton. Galton was a cousin of Charles Darwin, the scientist credited for developing the theory of evolution based on natural selection of inherited characteristics. Galton believed that intellec
