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1、用作定语时，动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词动词的-ed形式仅是动词过去分词。动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语，常放在被修饰词前做前置定语；如 果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语，常放在被修饰词后做后 置定语。如：1. He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。（表示运动员的特征）2. He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。（表示“令人.”）3. A little child learning to walk often falls.学走路的小
2、孩常常跌跤。（表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置）4. Do you know the number of people coming to theparty?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？（表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置）注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句。如：1. A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.t A young man who writes novels came to speak to usyesterday.一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。2. The girl s
3、itting next to me was my cousin.t The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。另外需要注意的是上面做定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作是正在进行的工作或习惯性的动作，如果和主句谓语的动作 不能同时发生时，则不能用-ing形式做定语而必须用定语从 句形式。如：昨天来我们学校的那位教授在明天给我们做报告。3. The professor who came to our school yesterday willgive us a lecture tomorrow.不正确的表述：The
4、professor coming to our schoolyesterday will give us a lecture tomorrow.总结：-ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考查，即：1）说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途。如：1. They set up an operating table in a small temple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。2. He may be in the reading room, for all I know.他说不定在阅览室里。3. Ladiesand gentlemen, please go and wait in themeeting
5、room.女士们先生们，请去会议室等待。2）与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作或习惯性的 动作。如：1. There were about 200 children studying in the artschool.有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。2. Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁？3）有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常做定语用来修饰物，表常用的此类词有：exciting,amusing,amazing,astonishing,shocking,puzzling,confusi
6、ng,disappointing,discouraging,pleasing,striking,boring,tiring,touching,moving,interesting, satisfying, terrifying, frightening等。如：1.That must have been a terrifying experience.那准时一段可怕的经历。2.The experiment was an amazing success.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。3. There is a page missing from this book.这本书缺了一页。4）有些-ing形式
7、已经转化成名词，常做定语用来修饰物The scanning electron micrographs这些电镜扫描照片除了 -ing形式能做定语外，如果-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即being done. being doing 通常表示正在被做，常做后置定语。如：1.The tall building being built now is our new school.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。2.The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。-ing形式做定语
8、专练1. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughterwith theA. 20 dollars remainedB. 20 dollars to remainC. remained 20 dollarsD. remaining 20 dollars.2.The wild flowerslooked like a soft orange blanketthe desert.A.coveringB.coveredC.cover D.to cover3.1 was told that there were about 50 foreign
9、studentsChinese inthe school, mostwere fromGermany.A. study;of whomB. study;of themC. studying;of themD. studying;of whom4.The questionat present has somethingimportant to do with our daily life.A. to be discussingB.to discussC.been discussedD.being discussed5. China is acountryto the third world.A.
10、developed;belongsB.developing;belongingC.developing;belongsD.developed;belonged6. Who is the manto the teacher?-A model workerour school.A.talks,visitsB.is talking;is visitingC.talking;visitingD.talking;visited7.How many of ussay,a meeting that hasnothingto do with us will be interestedin thediscuss
11、ion?D.have attendedA.attend B.attending C.to attend8.The flowers sweet in the botanic gardenattract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A.to smell B.smelling C.smelt D.to be smelt答案:D A D D B C B B 一、动词-ed形式作定语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧，渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词，实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词，除表示“已完成”的动作之外，还表示“被 动”的意义。如：spok
12、en English（英语口语）；iced beer （冰冻啤酒）；cooked food （ 熟食）;fried chips （炸土豆条）;但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动 作，而不表示“被动”意义。 如：boiled water（ 开水）;fallen leaves（落叶）;the risen sun（ 升起的太阳）等。1. The tall man is a returned student.高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。2. My parents are both retired teachers.我的父母都是退休教师。（1）前置定语单个的动词-ed形式，一般放在被修饰的
13、名词的前面，作 前置定语。The excited people rushed into building.激动的人们冲进大楼。Lost time can never be found again .虚度的时光 , 无法挽回。（2）后置定语 少数单个动词的-ed形式，如left等，只能作后置定语。1. Everything used should be marked.所有用过的东西应该做好标记。2. The books left are for my students. 剩下的书是给我的学生的。 动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词 的后面，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。1. Is
14、there anything planned for tonight?今晚有什么活动吗？(二That has been planned for tonight)2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success .这次会议有很多人出席，开得很成功。(二which was attended by a lot of people)1) Most of the artiststo the party werefrom South Africa.A. invitedB. to inviteC. being invitedD. had b
15、een invited2) The first text booksfor teaching English asa foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having writtenB. to be writtenC.being writtenD. written3) The Olympic games,in 776 BC,didntinclude women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC.first playedD. to be first playing4) Prices of daily foodsthrough acomputercan be lower than prices in stores
