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1、word 毕业设计专业： 电 气 自 动 化 班级学号： 201103010108 学生某某： 杨 旭 恒 指导教师： 高 立 兵 讲师 二一四年三月某某有色冶金职业技术学院毕业设计基于无线传感器在智能交通系统中的应用Based on the wireless sensor in the application of intelligent transportation system专业班级：电气自动化1101班学生某某：杨旭恒指导教师：高立兵讲师系别：机电工程系2014 年 3 月摘 要 智能交通系统将信息技术、电子控制技术与网络技术等高新技术综合应用于运输管理体系。 ZigBee作为一种新
2、兴的无线传感器网络，具有功耗低、本钱低等特点。介绍了在小区域智能交通模拟平 台上使用无线传感器网络的实例，建立了信息发布订阅和信号控制系统。重点介绍了系统的节点硬件、ZigBee协议的数据传输以与两个子系统的软件设计针对目前中国的交叉路口多，车流量大，交通混乱的现象研究一种控制交通信号灯的基于无线传感器的智能交通系统。 本文主要介绍了利用HMC1021Z巨磁阻传感器以与LPC2138微处理器、射频模块组成的无线传感网络在智能交通中的应用，本文的研究内容如下： 首先查阅了国内外文献了解课题研究背景、磁阻传感器的工作原理以与铁磁物质对周围磁场产生影响的原理，并了解相关微处理器的结构与功能。对整个系
3、统的方案进展设计，通过进一步学习完善已有的设计方案。将设计方案转化为电路图，画出电路版图，投片，完成硬件平台的搭建。进展软件的编程，与硬件的调试。将软件和硬件结合到一起，进展模拟路况实验。本课题参照国内外智能交通系统的设计以与磁阻传感器研究成果，设计了利用巨磁阻传感器与射频模块，微处理器构成的基于无线传感网络的智能交通系统，在设计过程中得到的主要成果如下： 1、 利用HMC1021Z巨磁阻传感器，传感器电路中使用滤波电路使输出信号更加稳定，该电路中还使用运算放大器，可使芯片的输出电压信号放大以便在有铁磁物体经过传感器附近时输出供处理器使用的高电平信号，实际测得巨磁阻传感器可正常运行，并可较为准
4、确的计算通过交通信号灯的车流量大小。 2、 收发单元利用射频模块，将处理器处理后的信息传送到交通信号灯控制中心，以便在不同车流量情况下更好的控制交通信号灯。经试验测量后，射频模块工作状况良好，可准确传送经处理器处理过的信息。 3、 通过使用LPC2138微处理器，控制巨磁阻传感器的数据采集和射频模块的数据收发。它的最小封装和最低功耗，增加了系统的稳定性和可行性。在每个无线节点中，巨磁阻传感器收集经过该节点的车流量信息，将其信号放大并经A/D 转换器传输至LPC2138，经处理后将信息通过射频模块传输至主控节点。经实验验证，使用该芯片可以准确的完成以上功能，验证了理论分析设计设计的正确性。 4、
5、 该系统实现了集数据采集、处理，以与由交通信号灯显示控制结果等基本的功能于一体的传感器智能化设计，经过试验证明该系统具有可行性与稳定性。 5、 提出了将所设计的传感器应用于智能交通系统中的方案。 关键词：无线传感器网络；智能交通系统；ZigBe；网络模型；路由技术 / AbstractIntelligent transportation system will be information technology, electronic control technology and network technology and other high and new technology preh
6、ensive application in the transportation management system. ZigBee as a new wireless sensor network (WSN), with low power consumption, low cost, etc. Introduces the intelligent transportation simulation flat in a small area Platform using an instance of the wireless sensor network (WSN), established
7、 the information publish/subscribe and signal control system. Mainly introduced hardware, ZigBee protocol of nodes in the system of data transmission and the software design of two sub-systems according to the present Chinas intersection, traffic, traffic chaos phenomenon research a kind of control
8、traffic lights intelligent transportation system based on wireless sensor. This article mainly introduced the use of HMC1021Z giant magnetoresistance sensor and microprocessor LPC2138, rf modules of the application of wireless sensor network in intelligent transportation, this paper research content
9、 is as follows: First consult literature at home and abroad to understand the topic research background, the working principle of magnetic resistance sensor and the principle of ferromagnetic material influence on the surrounding magnetic field, and to understand the structure and function of the mi
10、croprocessor. The design scheme of the whole system, and through further study and improve the existing design. Draw the circuit diagram, design scheme can be converted to map, cast slice, plete the construction of the hardware platform. For software programming, and hardware debugging. The software
11、 and hardware together, simulated road experiment. This topic by reference to the design of the intelligent transportation system both at home and abroad and the magnetic resistance sensor research, design and the use of giant magnetoresistance sensor radio frequency module, a microprocessor based o
12、n wireless sensor network is posed of intelligent transportation system, in the design process of the main results were as follows: 1. Using HMC1021Z giant magnetic resistance sensor, the sensor circuit is used in filtering circuit make the output signal is more stable, the circuit is also used in t
13、he operational amplifier, can make the output voltage signal amplification of chip in order to have a ferromagnetic objects pass near the sensor output for the processor using high level signal, the actual measured giant magnetoresistance sensor can run normally, and can be more accurate calculate t
14、he size of traffic through the traffic lights. 2. The transceiver unit using radio frequency module, after processing the information sent to the traffic light control center, under different traffic conditions in order to better control the traffic lights. After test measurements, rf modules work i
15、n good condition, can accurately convey information treated by the processor. 3. Through the use of micro processor LPC2138, control of the giant magnetoresistance sensor data acquisition and rf module to send and receive data. Its smallest encapsulation and lowest power consumption, increase the st
16、ability and feasibility of the system. In each of the wireless nodes, giant magnetoresistance sensor after the node of traffic information collection, the signal amplification and A/D converter to the LPC2138, the processed to transmit information through radio frequency module to the master node. Verified by the experiment, the use
