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1、2022年考博英语-华东政法大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题They use _ sales tactics to defeat their major competitor.问题1选项A.immoralB.immortalC.unscrupulousD.ambitious【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项immoral“不道德的（生活作风上的道德上的错误）；邪恶的；淫荡的”；B选项immortal“不朽的；神仙的；长生的”；C选项unscrupulous“肆无忌惮的；寡廉鲜耻的；不讲道德的（不诚实或不公平）”；D选项ambitious“野心勃勃的；有雄心的；热望
2、的；炫耀的”。句意：他们使用_销售策略来击败主要的竞争对手。本句表达“肆无忌惮的销售策略”，指不诚信、不公平的销售手段，和生活作风无关。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题Christines real problem is that she _ confidence.问题1选项A.is lack ofB.is lack inC.lacks forD.lacks of【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。lack of“没有，缺乏；不足，不够”，名词短语；lack in“缺少，在缺少，缺乏”，动词短语。A选项be动词+名词短语作谓语，正确；B选项be动词+动词短语，错误；C选项lack for一般不做固定搭
3、配；D选项lack of名词短语不能当谓语。因此A选项符合题意。3. 单选题IV. (Criminal Law)The acrimonious debate over capital punishment has continued for centuries. In recent decades, the debate has heated up in the U.S. following the Supreme Court-imposed moratorium on capital punishment. Currently, several states are considering
4、a change in their policies regarding the status of the death penalty. Nebraskas legislature, for example, recently passed a two-year moratorium on executions, which was, however, vetoed by the states governor. Ten other states have at least considered a moratorium last year. The group includes Oklah
5、oma whose legislature will soon consider a bill imposing a two-year moratorium on executions and establishing a task force to research the effectiveness of capital punishment. The legislature in Nebraska and Illinois has also called for similar research. In Massachusetts, however, the House of Repre
6、sentatives voted down a bill supported by the governor to reinstate the death penalty.An important issue in this debate is whether capital punishment deters murders. Psychologists and criminologists who examined the issue initially reported no deterrent effect. Economists joined the debate with the
7、pioneering work of Ehrlich. Ehrlichs regression results, using U.S. aggregate time-series for 1933-1969 and state level cross-sectional data for 1940 and 1950, suggest a significant deterrent effect, which sharply contrasts with earlier findings. The policy importance of the research in this area is
8、 borne out by the considerable public attention that Ehrlichs work has received. The Solicitor General of the United States, for example, introduced Ehrlichs findings to the Supreme Court, in support of capital punishment.Coinciding with the Supreme Courts deliberation, on the issue, Ehrlichs findin
9、g inspired an interest in econometric analysis of deterrence, leading to many studies that use his data but different regression specifications different regressors or different choice of endogenous vs. exogenous variables. The mixed findings prompted a series of sensitivity analyses on Ehrlichs equ
10、ations, reflecting a further emphasis on specification.Data issues, on the other hand, have received far less attention. Most of the existing studies use either time-series or cross-section data. The studies that use national time-series data are affected by an aggregation problem. Any deterrence fr
11、om an execution should affect the crime rate only in the executing state. Aggregation dilutes such distinct effects. Cross sectional studies are less sensitive to this problem, but their static formulation precludes any consideration of the dynamics of crime, law enforcement, and judicial processes.
12、 Moreover, cross sectional studies are affected by unobserved heterogeneity which cannot be controlled for in the absence of time variation.Hashem Dezhbakhsh and Paul H. Rubin: “Does Capital Punishment Have a Deterrent Effect?”63. From the first paragraph, one can know that in the US _.64. Which of
13、the following group of people thought that capital punishment had no deterrent effect?65. According to the 3rd paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?66. In the 4th paragraph, the author thinks that _.问题1选项A.the executive branch is in opposite opinion with the legislature at the state level r
14、egarding death penaltyB.several states are considering reinstate the death penaltyC.Oklahoma decided to suspend death penalty for two yearsD.some states legislature has also called for research on cancellation of capital sentence问题2选项A.Economists and criminologistsB.Psychologists and criminologistsC
15、.Psychologists and economistsD.Economists and Ehrlich问题3选项A.Ehrlichs finding caused others to analyze the deterrence effect of death penalty.B.Many people used Ehrlichs data in their analysis but in a different way.C.The finding of others research was similar.D.Ehrlich provided an equation in his analysis.问题4选项A.cross sectional studies are more sensitive to aggregationB.time-series data are not influenced by aggregationC.unobserved heterogeneity cannot be controlled for in the absence of time variationD.data issue had not been paid enough attention as it should b
