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1、初中英语初一形容词副词 形容词和副词【学习目标】 掌握形容词的用法,并对形容词和副词比较级最高级用法的回顾。【知识要点】（一）形容词的用法形容词：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语和宾语补足语。1. 用作定语，修饰名词或代词。（ 1 ）一般置于它所修饰的名词之前；例如： he is a tall boy（2）形容词修饰由 some,any,every,no 等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置。例如： Will you please tell us something interesting? 你给我们说一些有趣的事好吗？There s not
2、hing special in the bo温子里没有什么特别的东西。（ 3 ） enough 修饰名词时，既可以放在名词之前，也可以放在名词之后。例 如：Don t worry, we have enough time/time enough to get there. 别着急，我们有足够的时间赶到那2.用作表语，位于系动词之后。 常用 的有 ： be, become, get, look, feel, smell, taste, sound, turn,seem, keep, grow例： The park is very beautiful. 这座公园很美。The soup smells
3、 delicious. 汤闻上去真鲜美。That sounds good.那听上去不错 .3.It s + adj. + （of / for） sb to do sth译作“某人）做某事是 的。It是形式主语，不定式结构是 真正主语。of/ for后面的sb是不定式的逻辑主语。（1）.当形容词是可修饰人的形容词，即sb和adj.有主系表关系时，sb前用of。如It s cleverof you to answer the question so quickly. / It s kind of yoUltoelpme丽葡t. kind,nice, rude, clever, silly, foo
4、lish 等。（2）当形容词是不可以修饰人的形容词，即sb和adj.没有主系表关系时，sb前用for。如It seasy for her to clean the window by herself. / It s important for us to learn English well的形容词有： easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, dangerous 等。（二）形容词、副词比较级和最高级构成：1. 单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化：规则原级比较级最tWj级1.在词尾后直接加-er/esttalltallertalles
5、t2.词尾是e,只加-r/stnicenicernicest3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，把 y变i再加-er/esthappyhappierhappiest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个 辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er/estthinthinnerthinnest2.其他双音节词或多音节词，在该词前面加-more/mostbeautiful more beautiful (the) most beautiful3 .由形容词加ly构成的双音节词和多音节词，都是在该词前加-more/most.quickly more quickly (the) most quicklydifficultly
6、 more difficultly (the) most difficultly4 .不规则变化：good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolder (指新旧)oldestelder （指年龄）eldestfarfarther （指距离）farthestfurther （指程度）furthest（三）形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法:1 .原级的用法：1)甲=乙：甲+ be+as+原级+ as+乙，用于两者之间对比，意思为“和相同” Tom is as honest as Jack. Tom
7、和 Jack 样诚实。Her skin is as white as snow.My dog is as old as that one.2)甲不如乙：甲+ be not+ as/so+原级+ as+乙He is not as(=so)tall as I.他没我高。The weather here is not as(=so)cool as the weather in Harbin.3)甲是乙的几倍：甲+be+数词+ times+as+原级+ as+乙This room is four times as large as that one.这间房比另B间房大四倍。2 .比较级的用法1）甲乙或
8、甲乙：甲+be+比较级+ than +乙Susan is happier than Jane.His brother is younger than me.Beijing is more beautiful than here.形容词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little , far, a lot, a bit, much more 来修饰。very,50, too, quite不能修饰比较级。2）数字+形容词、副词比较级+thanI m two years older than you.3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越The earth is gett
9、ing warmer and warmer.4） the +比较级,the +比较级结构,表示“越就越”The more I study it, the more I like it.5） which/who +is + 比较级Which city is bigger, Beijing or Tianjin?Who is happier, you or me?3.最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较，最高级前加the,最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。1） one of the + 最高级Shanghai is one of the m
10、ost beautiful cities in China.Our city is one of the safest cities in the world.2）最高级意义的表达方法：例句最高级She is the best in her class.比较级She is better than any other student in her class.No other student in her class is better than she.原级No other student in her class is as good as she.特殊：1)形容词最高级前一般都用定冠词，但
11、当形容词最高级前有物主代词时，则不用定冠词。e.g.: Today is my happiest day.今天是我最高兴的天。Give my best regards to your family. 请代我向你们全家 问好。2) most有时与形容词连用，前面用不定冠词或不用冠词，意为“非常，很，极其”，用来加强语气。这时它不表示最高级的概念。初中英语初一形容词副词e.g.: He is a most friendly fellow.他是个极其友好的人。1) - Are you feeling?-Yes , Im fine now.A. well B. better C. good D. qu
12、ite better答案：B. quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.2) The experiment was easier than we had expected.A. more B. much more C. much D. more muchB, C都说得通,【经典例题】：但easier本身已是比较级,(2) large (比较级) (4) thin (最高级)(6) much (比较级)(8) far (最高级)(变同义句)答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此 不需more,因此C为正确答案。【经典练习】1 .写出下列形容词的变化形式(1) tall (比较级) (
13、3) busy (最高级) (5) delicious (比较级) (7) good (最高级) 2 .句型转换(1) Shanghai is the largest city in China.Shanghai is than city in China.(2) This dress is more beautiful than that blouse.(变同义句)That blouse is not as this dress.3 .选择.(1) She always buys clothes though she is rich enough.A . cheap B . goodC. e
14、xpensive D. beautiful(2) Now the air in our town is than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it.A . very good B. much better C. rather bad D . even worse(3) Which is, the sun, the moon or the earth?Of course, the moon is.A . small B. smaller C. smallest D . the smallest(4) The more exercis
15、e you do, the you will be.A . weaker B. healthier C. luckier D. worse( 5) The population of China is than of any other country in the world.A larger; the one B more; that C larger; that D more; the one 6 ) The turcky tastes the chicken.A, as better as B, much better than C, as well as D, the best to7) Im not to lift the heavy box.A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough8) The
