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1、2022年考博英语-扬州大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题In a society where all aspects of our lives are dictated by scientific advances in technology, science is the essence of our existence .Without the vast advances made by chemists, physicists, biologist, geologist, and other diligent scientists, our standards of li
2、ving would decline, our flourishing, wealthy nation might come to an economic depression, and our people would suffer provided by science, yet our lives would be altered interminably without them.Health care, one of the aspects of our society that separates us from our archaic ancestors, is founded
3、exclusively on scientific discoveries and advances. Without the vaccines created by doctors, disease such as polio measles, hepatitis, and the flu would pose a threat to our citizens, for although some of these disease may not be deadly, their side effects can be a vast detriment to an individual af
4、fected with the disease.In addition, science has developed perhaps the most awe-inspiring, vital invention in the history of the world, the computer. Without the presence of this machine, our world could exist, but the convenience brought into life by the computer are unparalleled.Despite the greatn
5、ess of present-day innovators and scientists and their revelations, it is requisite to examine the amenities of science that our culture so blatantly disregards. For instance, the light bulb, electricity, the telephone, running water, and the automobile are present-day staples of our society; howeve
6、r, they were not present until scientists discovered them.Because of the contribution of scientist, our world is ever metamorphosing, and this metamorphosis economically and personally comprise our society, whether our society is cognizant of this or not.1.In the first paragraph the author implies t
7、hat we（ ）.2.The author uses health care and vaccines to illustrate（ ）.3.Nothing，according to the author ,can match the invention of the computer in term of （ ）.4.The author seems to be unhappy about（ ）.5.The authors tone in the passage is （ ）.问题1选项A.would not survive without scienceB.take the amenit
8、ies of science for grantedC.could have raised the standards of living with scienceD.would be free of disease because of scientific advances问题2选项A.how science has been developedB.what science means to societyC.what the nature of science isD.how disease affects society问题3选项A.powerB.noveltyC.benefitsD.
9、complexity问题4选项A.peoples ignorance of their cultureB.peoples ignoring the amenities of scienceC.peoples making no contributions to societyD.peoples misunderstanding of scientific advances问题5选项A.criticalB.cognizantC.appreciativeD.paradoxical【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:B第5题:C【解析】第1题:1.【试题答案】C【试题解析】判断推理题。第一
10、段指出：Without the vast advances made by chemists, physicists, biologist, geologist, and other diligent scientists, our standards of living would decline (没有化学家、物理学家、生物学家、地质学家和其他勤奋的科学家所取得的巨大进步，我们的生活水平就会下降)，由此推断C项“有了科学，我们的生活水平才得以提高”正确。2.【试题答案】B【试题解析】判断推理题。第二段开头指出：Health care, one of the aspects of our s
11、ociety that separates us from our archaic ancestors, is founded exclusively on scientific discoveries and advances(医疗保健是社会的一个方面，它将我们与古老的祖先区分开来，它完全建立在科学发现和进步的基础上)，后面又以疫苗为例，其实是为了论证本文主题：科学对社会的重要性。故选B项。3.【试题答案】C【试题解析】细节事实题。第三段指出：此外，科学已经发明出也许是世界历史上最令人敬畏、最重要的发明计算机。没有这台机器，世界的确可以存着，但是计算机给生活带来的便利是无与伦比的。因此C项“
12、益处，用处”正确。4.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节事实题。倒数第二段开头指出：尽管如今的创新者和科学家奉献了他们的伟大成就和成果，但我们有必要审查（重视）科学带来的便利，这在我们的文化中往往是被公然漠视的。后面作者又举例说明是科学家们发明了灯泡、电、电话等必需品。因此，B项“人们忽视了科学带来的便利”正确。5.【试题答案】C【试题解析】观点态度题。作者通篇都在强调科学对我们的意义和重要性，通过“science is the essence of our existence”以及“ Because of the contribution of scientist, our world is e
13、ver metamorphosing”等字眼可以看出，作者的语气是感激的，欣赏的。故选C。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:2. 单选题He was confronted by a vision of burning vehicles and slashed bodied, strewn on a ground（ ）with abandoned clothes, shoes, passports and wrecked household goods.问题1选项A.crammedB.loadedC.permeatedD.littered【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。litter with意为“
14、散落着，将乱扔在处”。句意：他看到的是燃烧的车辆和被砍伤的身体，地上散落着丢弃的衣服、鞋子、护照和毁坏的家用物品。选项D符合语境。3. 单选题Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subcultu
15、re in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for th
