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1、2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Every living thing has an inner biological clock that controls behavior. The clock works all the time even when there are no outside signs to mark the passing of time. The biological clock tells plants when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It te
2、lls insects when to leave the protective cocoon and fly away. And it tells animals when to eat, sleep and wake. It controls body temperature, the release of some hormones and even dreams. These natural daily events are circadian rhythms.Man has known about them for thousands of years. But the first
3、scientific observation of circadian rhythms was not made until 1729. In that year French astronomer, Jean-Jac-quesd “Ortous Mairan”, noted that one of his plants opened its leaves at the same time every morning, and closed them at the same time every night. The plant did this even when he kept it in
4、 a dark place all the time. Later scientists wondered about circadian rhythms in humans. They learned that mans biological clock actually keeps time with a day of a little less than 25 hours instead of the 24 hours on a man-made clock. About four years ago an American doctor, Eliot Weitzman, establi
5、shed a laboratory to study how our biological clock works. The people in his experiments are shut off from the outside world. They are free to listen to and live by their circadian rhythms. Dr. Weitzman hopes his research will lead to effective treatments for common sleep problems and sleep disorder
6、s caused by aging and mental illness. The laboratory is in the Monteflore Hospital in New York City. It has two living areas with three small rooms in each. The windows are covered, so no sunlight or moonlight comes in. There are no radios or television receivers. There is a control room between the
7、 living areas. It contains computers, one-way cameras and other electronic devices for observing the person in the living area. The instruments measure heartbeat, body temperature, hormones in the blood, other substances in the urine and brain waves during sleep. A doctor or medical technician is on
8、 duty in the control room 24 hours a day during an experiment. They do not work the same time each day and are not permitted to wear watches, so the person in the laboratory has no idea what time it is. In the first four years of research, Dr. Weitzman and his assistant have observed 16 men between
9、the ages of 21 and 80. The men remained in the laboratory for as long as six months. Last month, a science reporter for The New York Times newspaper, Dava Sobol, became the first woman to take part in the experiment. She entered the laboratory on 13th and stayed for 25 days. Miss Sobol wrote reports
10、 about the experiment during that time, which were published in the newspaper.26. The biological clock is believed to play an essential role in _.27. In his observation, the French scientist noticed that the leaves of a certain plant maintained its opening-and-closing cycles _.28. The sentence “They
11、 are free to listen to and live by their circadian rhythms” (Paragraph 2) probably means _.29. In the experiment conducted by Mr. Weitzman, the doctor who is on duty does not work the same time each day _.30. What is Mr. Weitzmans ultimate purpose of establishing a laboratory?问题1选项A.the regulation o
12、f body temperatureB.the secretion of hormonesC.animal reproductionD.many aspects of plant and animal physiology问题2选项A.even when it was kept in a murky place all dayB.even if it was placed in the moonlightC.even when he was observing it from a dark placeD.even during the night time问题3选项A.They can lea
13、d their daily lives according to their biological clocks, without referring to a man-made clockB.They can listen to the wonderful rhythms of the biological clock and live close to themC.They can live by regulating their own circadian rhythmsD.They are free from the annoying rhythms of everyday life问
14、题4选项A.in order to observe the abnormal behavior of the people at different timesB.so as not to be recognized by the peopleC.so as to avoid indicating to the people what time it is when he starts workD.so as to leave the peoples circadian rhythms in disorder问题5选项A.He wanted to have his experiment rep
15、ort published in the newspapers.B.People are free to listen to and live by their circadian rhythms.C.He wanted to find a way to treat peoples diseases.D.He could gain some reputation for the first scientific observation of circadian.【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:A第4题:C第5题:C【解析】26. 【选项释义】The biological clock is
16、believed to play an essential role in _. 生物钟被认为在_中起着重要作用。A. the regulation of body temperature A. 体温的调节B. the secretion of hormones B. 激素的分泌C. animal reproduction C. 动物繁殖D. many aspects of plant and animal physiology D. 植物和动物生理活动的许多方面【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词biological clock和play an essential role定位到原文第1段。该段第
