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1、2022年考博英语-首都师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题She was an experienced traveler who had （ ）both Africa and Europe in her twenties.问题1选项A.traversedB.transferredC.trampledD.trespassed【答案】A【解析】考查形似词辨析。 traversed 横越，穿过；transferred 使转移，使调动；trampled 践踏，无视；trespass侵占，侵入。句意：她是一个有经验的旅行者，在她二十多岁的时候就穿越了非洲和欧洲。只有A项符合题意，答案
2、A2. 单选题Telecommunication developments enable the sending of messages（ ）television, radio and electronic mail to bombard people with many messages.问题1选项A.viaB.amidC.pastD.across【答案】A【解析】考查介词辨析。via 经过，通过，凭借； amid在中间；past 越过，超过； across穿过，横穿。句意：电信的发展使消息通过电视、收音机和电子邮件的传递得以实现，爆炸式地向人们传递大量信息。由空格后的内容可知，此空意为通过
3、的方式，答案A 。3. 单选题To give you a general idea of our products, we enclose the catalogues showing various products handled by us with detailed（ ）and means of packing.问题1选项A.specimensB.inspectionsC.paraphrasesD.specifications【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。specimens 样品，范例；inspections 检查，检阅； paraphrases 释义； specification
4、规格，参数。句意：为了让您对我们的产品有个大概的了解，我们随函给您附了产品目录，它展示了多种我们所经营的产品，包括详细的规格和包装方法。D项最符合题意，答案D4. 单选题Children are always （ ）about things they do not know.问题1选项A.queerB.strangeC.curiousD.quaint【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。queer “奇怪的，异常的”；strange “奇怪的，陌生的”； curious “好奇的”； quaint “奇怪的，离奇有趣的”。句意：孩子们总是对未知事物充满好奇。C项符合题意，答案C5. 单选题I wa
5、s awfully tired when I got home from work, but a half hour nap （ ）me.问题1选项A.revivedB.releasedC.relievedD.recovered【答案】A【解析】考查近义词辨析。revive使恢复体力（或精力、活力等）；release释放，发布； relieve缓解，减轻； recover恢复健康。 句意：我下班回家的时候非常累，但睡了半小时后我又有精神了。由but可知前后句为转折关系，前半句提到“非常疲劳”，后半句句意应与之相反，再从“a half hour nap”可推知睡半小时后恢复了体力。故A项正确。答
6、案A6. 单选题An argument was （ ）because they dislike each other so much.问题1选项A.ridiculousB.inevitableC.excessiveD.conservative【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。 ridiculous “荒唐的，荒谬的”；inevitable “不可避免的”； excessive “过量的”；conservative “保守的”。句意：由于他们彼此都很讨厌对方, 所以争论就难以避免。根据上下文关系可知B项符合句意，答案B7. 单选题In some countries, students are e
7、xpected to be quiet and （ ）in the classroom.问题1选项A.skepticalB.faithfulC.obedientD.subsidiary【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。skeptical怀疑的；faithful忠诚的，尽职的；obedient顺从的，服从的；subsidiary辅助的，附属的。句意：在一些国家，人们期望学生们在课堂上保持安静、顺从听话。由“quiet and” 可推断and之后的词义应与quiet性质一致，故C项符合题意，答案C8. 单选题Sams close （ ）to his brother made people mist
8、ake them for one another.问题1选项A.accuracyB.confusionC.probabilityD.resemblance【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。accuracy“精确性”；confusion“混乱”；probability “可能性”； resemblance“相似”。句意：Sam跟他兄弟长得很像，人们经常把他们弄混。D项符合题意，答案D9. 单选题The ratio of the work done by the machine （ ）the work done on it is called the efficiency of the machin
9、e.问题1选项A.againstB.withC.toD.for【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。the ratio of A to B表示“A与B之比”。句意：机械所做的功与其受到的功之比称为机械的效率。答案C10. 单选题All the students have to （ ）to the rules and regulations of the school.问题1选项A.confirmB.confrontC.confineD.conform【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。confirm 证实，确认，批准； confront面对，遭遇；confine限制，禁闭；conform遵从，顺从，符合
10、 ；conform to 遵守。句意：所有学生必须遵守学校的规章制度。只有D项符合句意，答案D。11. 单选题Most people would probably agree that many individual consumer adverts function on the level of the daydream. By picturing quite unusually happy and glamorous people whose success in either career or sexual terms, or both, is obvious, adverts co
11、nstruct an imaginary world in which the reader is able to make come true those desires which remain unsatisfied in his or her everyday life.An advert for a science fiction magazine is unusually explicit about this. In addition to the primary use value of the magazine, the reader is promised access t
12、o a wonderful universe through the productaccess to other mysterious and tantalizing worlds and epochs, the realms of the imagination. When studying advertising, it is therefore unreasonable to expect readers to decipher adverts as factual statements about reality. Most adverts are just too meager i
13、n informative content and too rich in emotional suggestive detail to be read literally. If people read them literally, they would soon be forced to realize their error when the glamorous promises held out by the adverts didnt materialize.The average consumer is not surprised that his purchase of the
14、 commodity does not redeem the promise of the advertisement, for this is what he is used to in life: the individuals pursuit of happiness and success is usually in vain. But the fantasy is his to keep; in his dream world he enjoys a “future endlessly deferred”.The Estivalia advert is quite explicit
15、about the fact that advertising shows us not reality, but a fantasy; it does so by openly admitting the daydream but in a way that insists on the existence of a bridge linking daydream to realityEstivalia, which is “for daydream believers”, those who refuse to give up trying to make the hazy ideal of natural beauty and harmony
