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1、英语构词法、构词法之派生法的讲解英语构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。派生 Derivation前缀刖缀含义例词a-处在arise, aside, aloneen-使用能enrich, enable, enslavedis-不，否定dissatisfy,dishonest, disappear, disorder,disagreeun-不 做相反动作unable, unknown, uncommon, uncomfortable, unfair, unclose, undress, uncover, untieinim-ir-il-不，非inactive,
2、incapable, inpatient, incorrectimpossible, impersonal, impolite, immature, impracticalirregular, irresponsibleillogical,non-不，非non existent, non-interference,non-conductor,non-stopde-向相反方向发展Decentralize（分散）,defrost（解冻）anti-反（对）anti-freeze, anti-fascistmis-错误的，坏的misdoings, misunderstand, misfortunere
3、重复，再rewrite, remarry, reunite, recycle,co-共同co-exist, co-operate, co-educationex以前的Ex-husband, ex-presidenttele远程telephone, telegraph, telescopesuper-在上面，超级supermarket, superpower,under-在之下underline, underestimate, underground,inter-相互，之间international, interact, inter-changesub-下，次subtitle, submarin
4、e, subconscious, subcontinent,trans-过，穿过，变transformation（变形），translatevice-副vice-premier, vice-presidentsemi-半semifinal, semicircle, semi-automaticbi两个bicycle, biennial 两年次的tri三个triangle 三角形,tricycle三轮脚踏车,triplets 三胞胎mul-多，多种multiply, multi-national, multi-colouredkilo-千kilometre, kilogram后缀后经3例词名 词
5、-erfarmer, weaver, pain-killer, murderer, , villager, stranger, speaker, cooker, recorder, heater-essactress, waitress, princess, hostess-orconductor, sailor, transistor, operator,-arbeggar-eseChinese, Portuguese, Japanese-ianmusician, Egyptian, physician-istscientist, dentist, communist, socialist,
6、-ent/-antassistant-mentargument, judgment, government-nesshappiness,greatness,illness,coldness,sleeplessness-tiondictation,preparation,repetition,action,information, invention-ingbuilding, wedding, painting-shipleadership, friendship, hardship-ageshortage, marriage, leakage-tyloyalty, cruelty, penal
7、ty, sixty, twenty, thirty, certainty-thtruth, warmth, length, growth, fifteenth, fourth-anceacceptance, assistance, reliance, appearance-encedependence, confidence, reference,entrance,defence-fulmouthful, handful, plateful,-alrefusal, denial, arrival-ydifficulty, possibility,-domfreedom, wisdom, kin
8、gdom-ismsocialism, materialism注意：-ese,-ian,-ist既可以构成名词，又可以构成形容词。-er构成的名词，既有表示人的，又有表示物的。后经3例词形 容 词-alcentral, industrial, national, natural-anEuropean, American, Australian-erneastern, northern, southern-ablereasonable,horrible,terrible,believable,comfortable, forgettable, sensible-fulcareful, cheerf
9、ul, grateful, faithful,-ishchildish, Swedish, selfish-ivedestructive, collective, active, creative, effective-ythirsty, dirty, windy, sunny, cloudy, healthy, funny-lesscareless, hopeless, helpless, homeless, sleepless, fearless, limitless-engolden, wooden, woolen-ouscourageous, famous, continuous, s
10、erious, various-aryimaginary, revolutionary, secondary-icrealistic, historic, poetic-sometroublesome, burdensome, lonesome, handsome-likechildlike, womanlike, manlike-antignorant, significant, observant, important-entdiligent, silent, excellent, frequent-lylively, friendly, lovely, weekly, brotherly
11、, motherly-ishchildish, foolish后经3例 词动 词-izerealize, modernize, mechanize, criticize,-enwiden, strengthen, lengthen, sharpen, widen, shorten, quicken, deepen-fySimplify, beautify, terrify,后缀例词副 词-ward(s)forward, northward, backward, downward-lyslowly, quickly, carefully, loudly, happily, friendly、课堂
12、巩固练习I .Match the right words from the right column with the words on the left.()1. enrich( )2. semicircle( )3. troublesome( )4. sharpen( )5. job-hunting()6. limitless( )7. imaginative()8. defrost1. trying to find jobs8. remove, get rid of ice, frost9. of, having, using imagination10. make or become
13、sharp11. half a circle12. causing trouble13. make rich, improve in quality, flavour, etc.14. without limitn .Use the appropriate form of the words to fill in the blanks.15. The mother didn t know why her daughter was crying(noise)16. He was one of the best in yesterdaych. (play) football mat17. Look
14、! How Kate is laughing!(happy)18. It snowed last night and now the streets are covered with snow.(heavy)19. Edison was a great. During his life he had many. (invent)20. More and more have come to visit China over these years.(foreign )21. We want reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy)22. Please give me some reference work. It will my task. (simple)23. The boy had the of being half starved. (appear)24. The police have a plot against the President. (cover)25. The doctor said that Mary s mother needed an .(operate)26. She hoped that her son would become a . (music)27. Few words
