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1、2022年考博英语-首都师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Though he views himself as a realist, Cetron says his findings make him very（ ）about future.问题1选项A.optimisticB.sympatheticC.objectiveD.precautious【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。 optimistic “乐观的”； sympathetic“有同情心的”； objective“客观的”；precautious“警惕的，谨慎的” 。句意：尽管认为自己是一个现实主义者，Ce
2、tron称他的发现让自己对未来非常乐观。由转折词Though 及realist “现实主义者”可知空格处所填单词意思应与realist相反，现实主义者一般对未来不持乐观态度，故选项中“乐观的”正确，答案A2. 单选题Though she was not a professional writer, she became an （ ）member of the Writers Association.问题1选项A.honourB.honourableC.honouredD.honorary【答案】D【解析】考查形近词辨析。honour “荣誉”；honourable “诚实的，正直的”；hono
3、ured “荣幸的”；honorary “名誉的”。 句意：尽管她不是职业作家，她还是成为了作协的名誉会员。D项符合题意，答案D3. 单选题When it comes to teaching（ ）, many parents believe that if they teach their children and treat them kindly, the kids will know how to behave.问题1选项A.mentalityB.moralityC.complicatedD.majority【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。mentality 心理，智力；morality
4、道德，品行，美德；complicated 复杂的； majority 多数。句意：说到道德教育，许多家长相信如果他们温和地教育孩子，对待孩子，孩子们就知道如何守规矩了。下文提到的内容属于道德品行范畴，故B项符合题意。答案B4. 单选题Telecommunication developments enable the sending of messages（ ）television, radio and electronic mail to bombard people with many messages.问题1选项A.viaB.amidC.pastD.across【答案】A【解析】考查介词辨
5、析。via 经过，通过，凭借； amid在中间；past 越过，超过； across穿过，横穿。句意：电信的发展使消息通过电视、收音机和电子邮件的传递得以实现，爆炸式地向人们传递大量信息。由空格后的内容可知，此空意为通过的方式，答案A 。5. 单选题What are your （ ）for judging a bottle of wine?问题1选项A.regulationsB.rulesC.premisesD.criteria【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。 regulation规则，规定； rule规则，条例；premise假定，前提 ；criteria标准。句意：你判断一瓶酒的标准是什么
6、？由judging可知需要一定的标准才能对事物作出判断，故D项“标准”符合题意。答案D6. 单选题Creating so much confusion, Jason realized he had better make （ ）what he was trying to tell the audience.问题1选项A.exclusiveB.explicitC.objectiveD.obscure【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。exclusive “独有的，排外的”；explicit“明确的，清楚的”； objective“客观的”； obscure“不清楚的，隐蔽的”。句意：在造成诸多困惑
7、后，杰森意识到自己最好把试图告诉听众的事情弄清楚。由Creating so much confusion可知Jason最好是把这些困惑给弄清楚。答案B7. 单选题Exercise seems to benefit the brain power of healthy and sick, young and old（ ）.问题1选项A.alikeB.aliveC.togetherD.included【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。 alike 同样的； alive 活着的，有生气的；together 一起； included 包括在内的。句意：运动似乎对他们的脑力有益，无论对健康的人、生病的人
8、，还是年轻人、老人都一样。A项符合句意，答案A。8. 单选题To everybodys surprise, the referee took a （ ）view of the foul and did not punish the player at all.问题1选项A.lenientB.divergentC.dimD.cautious【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。 lenient宽大的，仁慈的；divergent 有分歧的；dim 暗淡的，昏暗的；cautious 小心的，谨慎的。句意：让所有人出乎意料的是，裁判员对这次犯规采取了宽容的态度，一点也没有惩罚参赛选手。由did not p
9、unish the player at all可知裁判采取了宽容的态度。A项正确。答案A9. 单选题Mary was sure to win the prize. Her beauty and intelligence made her （ ）from the candidates.问题1选项A.show offB.stand outC.appear upD.distinguish out【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。show off “炫耀”；stand out “突出，脱颖而出”； appear up“出现”； distinguish out “分辨出”。句意：Mary肯定能获奖。她的美
10、丽和聪明将让她从候选者中脱颖而出。由前半句以及Her beauty and intelligence可知她的外貌和才智将使她从候选者中脱颖而出。答案B10. 单选题The accountant （ ）thousands of dollars from the charity while appearing to be its best funder raiser.问题1选项A.donatedB.validatedC.embezzledD.certify【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。donate捐赠；validate 证实，验证 ；embezzled 盗用，挪用 ；certify证明，保证。句
11、意：那个会计盗用善款几千美元，却表现出自己是最佳的捐助者。由while可知，前后两句关系为转折，后半句提到“最佳捐赠者”，那么前半句句意应与之相反。故C项符合题意，答案C11. 翻译题很多情况下人们谈话时，总是争着表现自己，这类交谈对双方鲜有裨益。当人们谈话时，不要花时间思考你接着要说什么，而要设法搞懂他们说的是什么，什么样的经历才使他们说了那些话，你从那些话中能学到什么，你对说那些话的人又能了解到什么等等。长辈们成长的世界和你成长的世界迥然不同，那个世界也许你不大了解。他们和来自我国其他地区及其他国家的人们都有重要的观察事物的方法，它们可以丰富你的生活。【答案】In many cases,
12、people in a conversation often strive to reveal oneself, such conversation will have few benefits to each other. During a conversation, dont spend the time thinking about what youre going to say next, instead try to understand what theyre saying, what experience is behind their remarks, what you can
13、 learn from them, etc. Older people grow up in a world which is very different from yours, you may not know very well about that world. Both them and people from other parts of our country as well as from other nations, have important ways of looking at things which can enrich your life. 12. 单选题An e
14、ducation that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a （1）education, justified for reasons radically different from why education is（2） 一 required by law. It is not simply to（3） everyones job prospects that all children are legally required to attend school into their teens. Rather, we h
15、ave a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself. But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for all children to attend school until a certain
