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1、一.1）现在完成时通常表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。说话人强调该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。Imsurewevemetbefore.定我们以前见过面。2）表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently,already,just,lately,forsince,y褥。如：Ihaventheardfromherthesedays些日子我没有收到她的信。3） havebeento和havegoneto的区另U二.英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用中应注意两者的区别。1 .持续性动词：表示一个动作可以持续
2、一段时间或更长时间。常见的study,play,do,read,learn,speak,talk,sit,stand,keep等。2 .瞬间件动词:表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。常见的-begin,start,finish,go,come,leave,find,getup,arrive,reach,getto,enter,hear,stop,open,close,become,buy,borrow,lend,happen,join,lose,renew,die,等3 .瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，通常用意思相当的持续性动词来替换Hehasbeen
3、inthearmy/asoldierforthreeyears.（他参军已有3年了。）不用hasjoinedShehasbeenupforquitesometime.（她起床已有好久了。）不用hasgotupHasyourbrotherbeenawayfromhomeforalongtime?（离家已有好久了吗？）不用hasleft常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系：1、gobeaway2、comebehere3、comebackbeback4、leavebeaway（benothere）5、buyhave6、borrowkeep7、diebedead8、beginbeon9、finishbeov
4、er10openbeopen11、closebeclosed12、losebelost13、gettoknowknow14、turnonbeon15、getupbeup16、sitdownsit/beseated17、joinbein（）或beamember18、becomebe4.瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用例如：Ihaventseenyouforalongtime.（好久没见到你了。）区别下面三组词Havebeento表示去过某地方，不过现在已经回来HHavegoneto表示去了，还未回来Havebeenin表示一直在某个地方五现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时用来表
5、示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在；而一般过去时表示过去的事实，不表7K和现在的关系。IhavejustbeentoLondon.Iwenttherelastmonth.我刚去过伦敦，是上个月去I1 .过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。2 .过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。现在完成时的练习（一）一、单项选择1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybetheywhats happ
6、ened to him . D. will knowA.knewB.haveknownC.mustknow2、HehasbeentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still3、HaveyoumetMr.Li?4、The famous writer A. is writingone new book in B .was writingthe past two year .C .wrote D .has written5、Our countrya lot so far . Yes. I hope it will be evenA. has chang
7、ed ; wellC . has changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan alreadyA. was; studyingB . changed; goodD. changed; betterin this school for two years .B . will; studyC . has; studiedD. are; studying7、We Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. know B . had known C . have knownD. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film.
8、 I it twice .A. will see B. have seenC. sawD .see9、These farmers have been to theUnited States Really? When there?A . will they goB .C . do they goD.10、you your homework yet ?Yes. I it a moment ago.A. Did; do; finishedB .C . Have; done; have finishedD.did they go have they goneHave; done; finished w
9、ill; do; finish11、 His father the Party since 1978 .A. joinedB. has joinedC. was in D. has been in12、Do you know him well ?Sure .We friends since ten years ago .A . wereB . have beenC . have become D . have mad 113、How long have you here ?About two months.A. beenB. goneC. come D. Arrived14、Hurry up!
10、 The play for ten minutes.A . has begunB . had begun C . has been on D . Began15、 It ten years since he left the army .A. isB . hasC . willD. WasA.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago16、 MissGreenisntintheoffice.shetothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.wentC.willgoD.hasbeen17、MyparentsShandongfortenyears.A.havebeeninB.h
11、avebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,?A.sotheyB.dontheyC.havetheyD.haventhey19hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehetoChina?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived20、Hisuncleformorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedthereD.hasl
12、efttheuniversity二、句型转换。1、Hehasneversurfed,?(改成反意疑问句)2、Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线部分提问)havetheybeenhere?3、Theoldmanlastyear.Heforayear.(die)(动词填空)4、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.旧义旬转换)Thisfactoryfortwentyyears.5、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换)MissGaoanhourago.6、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreey
13、ears(.同义句)HermotherthePartythreeyears.7、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.随义旬转换)twoyearstheGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.8、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago报两个句子合并成个句子)现在完成时练习(二)I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.1. Ialready(see)thefilm.I(see)itlastweek.2. he(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.
14、Myfatherjust(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4. WheresLiMing?He(go)totheteachersoffice.5. I(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999.6. SofarI(make)quiteafewfriendshere.7. HowlongtheWangs(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.8. Ijust(finish)myhomework.9. He(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.10. you(find)yoursciencebookyet?11. Ifit(
15、be)finetomorrow,Illgowithyou.12. Thestudents(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13. Look!Themonkey(climb)thetree.14. Mymother(come)toseemenextSunday.15. Ivelostmypen.you(see)itanywhere?II.Choosethebestanswer.1. Howlonghaveyouhere?A.comeB.gotC.arrivedD.been2. Mygrandpadied.A.attheageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2.D.myagewas6.3. JanehastoBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.goneC.wentD.neverbeen4. ItistenyearsIlastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.forD.that
