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1、 毕业设计(论文)无创手指式脉搏血氧饱和度测量技术系 别自动化工程系专 业生物医学工程专业班 级5061606姓 名邹达指导教师贺忠海2010 年06 月16 日 东北大学秦皇岛分校毕业设计（论文） 第 65页无创手指式脉搏血氧饱和度测量技术摘 要血氧饱和度是临床医疗上重要的基础参数。采用手指脉搏血氧测量法的最大特点是将传感器直接置于体表手指处进行测量，不需要插入血管，也不需要采血样，所以极易为临床应用和家庭保健场合所接受，在无创条件下实现连续测量动脉血氧饱和度，应用前景广泛。本论文简要地介绍了手指式脉搏血氧测量技术的意义，国内外的发展历史、发展现状和应用前景。根据近年来微电子技术、计算机软硬
2、件技术和现代信号处理技术所取得重大成就，并结合单片机技术，利用C语言软件程序，本课题提出了基于朗伯-比尔定律和双波长法的脉搏血氧测量的原理，并且在该原理的指导下，设计了一套数字化脉搏血氧检测系统。硬件系统主要包括单片机模块、光源驱动电路、光电转换电路、前置放大模块、同步检波与正负极切换电路、A/D转换模块、存储器模块、电源模块、液晶显示模块和USB模块。单片机模块选用ATMEL公司的AT89C55WD芯片。A/D模块电路主要完成模数转换，以便后续的处理。同时系统外扩了存储器。电源模块保证了各个芯片的正常工作电压。对系统各个单元结构的功能与实现方法进行了详尽的分析。软件设计主要包括系统时序设计、
3、信号的预处理以及移动平均处理。系统时序设计主要是使得红光发射管与红外光发射管交替发光。信号的处理是软件设计的核心，涉及数字信号处理方面的知识，采用数字滤波技术减少噪声干扰和减少基线漂移，自学习阈值判别方法消除运动伪影干扰。采用采用五点差分法提取脉搏波的特征点。本论文已完成了无创手指脉搏血氧系统的设计，实现了对动脉血氧度的无创测量。使用USB接口传输数据，实现血氧信号系统与计算机之间的通讯。本系统结合了便携性、高精度与低功耗、低成本，是需要对动脉血氧度进行健康检测的人群的理想选择。关键词：朗伯-比尔定律，血氧饱和度，脉搏血氧测定法，无创检测，脉搏波Measurement Technology o
4、f Noninvasive Pulse Oxygen Saturation Degree Author: Zou Da Tutor: He ZhonghaiABSTRACTOxygen saturation is an important basis for clinical parameters. The most prominent feature of the method using finger oximetry is placing a sensor directly on the index finger. So it does not need to insert the ve
5、ssel and does not require blood samples. It is easy for clinical application and could be easy for family health-care situations to accept it. There will be a wide prospect to achieve continuous measurement of arterial oxygen saturation under non-invasive conditions. This paper briefly introduces th
6、e finger pulse oximetry technology, the meaning, history of development at home and abroad, current development and applications. According to the development of microelectronics, computer hardware and software technology and modern signal processing technology in recent years, combined with micro-u
7、nit chip technology and C language, this issue was proposed based on the Lambert - Beer law, and the dual-wavelength method of pulse oxygen measurement principle. Under the guidance of the principle, it is possible to design a set of digital pulse oxygen detection system.Hardware system includes mic
8、ro-unit chip module, light source drive circuit, photoelectric conversion circuit, preamplifier modules, synchronous detection and the positive and negative switch circuit, A/D converter, memory modules, power modules, liquid crystal display and USB module. MCU module is designed by choosing ATMELs
9、AT89C55WD chip. A / D module circuit was completed for conversion, in order to render to follow-up treatment. At the same time the system extends memory. The power module ensures the normal operating voltage. The detailed analysis of the function of each unit and the methods of implementation are ma
10、de in the issue.Software design includes system timing design, signal pre-processing and the moving average processing. System timing design is mainly for red light and infrared light tube to luminous alternately. Signal processing is the core of the software design. It involves knowledge of digital
11、 signal processing such as using digital filtering techniques to reduce noise and reduce the baseline drift, using self-learning threshold value based method to eliminate motion artifact interference. It also applies the method of five-point difference to detect the characteristic points of pulse wa
12、ve.This thesis has been completed the design of noninvasive finger pulse oxygen system and achieved the goal of the measurement to arterial oxygen. Using the USB interface to transfer data, it completed the communication between blood oxygen signal system and computers. This system combines portabil
13、ity, high accuracy and low power consumption, low cost; it is the ideal choice for people who want to detect their arterial blood oxygen degree.Key words: Lambert-Beer Law, blood oxygen saturation, pulse oximetry, non-invasive detection, pulse wave目 录摘要IABSTRACTII1 绪论11.1 本课题研究领域的意义11.2 红外光谱血氧仪发展概况2
14、1.3 目前世界的研究水平41.4 目前国内的研究水平41.5 应用前景分析51.6 本文的主要研究内容52血氧信号检测算法73系统硬件设计133.1 系统硬件的总体结构133.2 单片机系统核心模块143.2.1 单片机系统的开发流程143.2.2 单片机芯片的选型163.2.3 AT89C55WD单片机芯片173.3 光源及其驱动电路的设计183.3.1 光源类型的选择193.3.2 驱动电路193.4 光电转换电路的设计213.5 前置放大模块电路223.6 同步检波、正/负极切换电路253.7滤波模块263.7.1 高通滤波器263.7.2 二阶巴特沃兹低通滤波器283.7.3 50H
15、z陷波器293.8 A/D转换模块323.8.1 A/D转换的基本原理323.8.2 A/D转换的几种不同类型323.8.3 TLC1543芯片333.9 电源管理模块373.9.1 MAX1675芯片383.9.2 ICL7660芯片393.9.3 AS1117403.10 存储及串口通讯模块413.11 液晶显示模块453.12 硬件设计小结474系统软件设计484.1 系统时序控制484.2 系统软件流程图484.3 信号处理设计484.3.1 光电容积脉搏波概述484.3.2 信号的预处理514.4 软件小结545 定标方法555.1 概述555.2 定标实验设计56结论57致谢59参考
