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1、2022年考博英语-宁夏大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The teachers and parents agree that it is a hint of what might be expected from（ ）generations.问题1选项A.superbB.subsequentC.supremeD.subordinate【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项superb“极好的，华丽的”；B选项subsequent“随后的”；C选项supreme“最高的，至高的”；D选项subordinate“从属的，隶属的”。句意：老师和家长都认为这是对（ ）代的期
2、望。这里表达的句意是对subsequent generations“后代的期望”，因此B选项符合题意。2. 单选题The old couple decided to（ ）a boy though they had three children own.问题1选项A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adopt【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项adapt“（使）适应，改编”，常用“adapt oneself to sth. 适应”；B选项bring“带来”；C选项receive“收到”；D选项adopt“采纳，收养，选定”。句意：虽然这对老夫妇已经有了三个孩子，但他们还是决定（
3、）一个男孩。这里要表达的意思是“领养一个男孩”，因此D选项正确。3. 单选题The long-term fortunes of the modern economy depend in part on the strength and sustainability of the family, both in relation to fertility trends and to marriage trends. This basic, but often overlooked, principle is now at work in the current global economic c
4、risis.The decline of marriage and fertility is one factor in the global economic crisis. That is, one reason that some of the, worlds leading economiesfrom Japan to Italy to Spain to the Euro zone as a wholeare facing fiscal challenges is that their fertility rates have been below replacement levels
5、 (2.1 children per woman) for decades. Persistent sub-replacement fertility eventually translates into fewer workers relative to retirees, which puts tremendous strains on public offers and the economy as a whole. Indeed, one recent study finds that almost half the recent run-up in public debt in th
6、e West can be attributed to rapid aging over the last decades.Even China may see its sky-high growth “come down to earth in the next few decades as its work force shrinks” because of its one-child policy, as Carlos Cavalle and I argues in a recent reportThe Sustainable Demographic Dividend. By contr
7、ast, a recent Rand study suggests that India will have more favorable demographics than China over the next few decades, insofar as its work force is poised to grow. In fact, the Rand study suggests that India may be able to use this demographic advantage to outpace Chinas economic growth rates by t
8、he end of the century. Finally, its not just fertility that matters, its also marriage. At least in the west, children are more likely to acquire the human and social capital they need to thrive in the modern economy when they are raised in an intact, married family. In the U.S., for instance, child
9、ren are more likely to graduate from high school, complete college and be gainfully employed as young adults if they were raised in an intact, married family.And around the globe, men are more likely to give their work their fullest effort and attention when they are married; this is one reason men
10、worldwide enjoy “marriage premium” in their income, ranging from about 14 percent (Mexico) to 19 percent (United States) to 35 percent (Russia). So, at least when it comes to men research suggests that marriage has important implications for worker productivity.The bottom-line message is that what h
11、appens in the home does not stay at home rather, the size of families, and their stability and quality, has important implication for the health of the global economy.1.The main idea of this passage is that（ ）.2.One reason that the worlds leading economies are facing fiscal challenges is that（ ）.3.“
12、.its work force is poised to grow” (Para. 3) probably means（ ）.4.From the passage we know that（ ）.5.According to the passage, all the following can affect economy EXCEPT（ ）.问题1选项A.暂缺B.both marriage and fertility affect a countrys economyC.marriage has important implications for worker productivityD.
13、India will outpace Chinas economic growth rate by the end of the century问题2选项A.there is a global economic crisis in recent yearsB.there are fewer babies, and consequently, people spend less on many commoditiesC.people in these countries have fewer children than needed to replace the population for m
14、any yearsD.there are tremendous strains on public coffers and the economy as a whole问题3选项A.its work force pauses to growB.its work force continues to grow fastC.its work force continues to grow steadilyD.its work force grows slowly问题4选项A.children from an intact, married family are more likely to hav
15、e a better lifeB.the more people a country has, the stronger economy it will haveC.the health of the global economy depends entirely on individual familiesD.men are likely to work harder when they are going to have children问题5选项A.the size of familiesB.the stability of familiesC.the quality of familiesD.men and women ratio within the families【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.主旨大意题。在第二段的第一句话The decline of marriage and fertility is one factor in the global economic crisis.（婚姻和生育率的下降是全球经济危机的一个因素。）之后的段落也是就这一点进行了具体阐释，因此B选项“婚姻和生育都会影响一个国家的经济”正确。C选项“
