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1、2022年考博英语-郑州大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题A pervasive negative attitude of the engineers toward projects funded by his company is the cause of the delay of signing the contract.问题1选项A.perniciousB.prevalentC.preventiveD.perpetual【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项pernicious“有害的；恶性的；致命的；险恶的”；B选项prevalent“流行的；普遍的，广传的”；C选项
2、preventive“预防性的，防备的；防病的”；D选项perpetual“永久的；不断的；四季开花的；无期限的”。句意：工程师们对他们公司资助的项目普遍持否定态度，这是合同迟迟没有签订的原因。本句关键词pervasive表示“普遍的；到处渗透的；流行的”，四个选项中B选项最合适，因此B选项正确。2. 单选题When doing business with an Arab, you have to endure hours of small talk, waiting for the topic of commerce to be broached.问题1选项A.brokenB.raisedC
3、.solvedD.concluded【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项broken“折断；打碎；损坏”；B选项raised“提高，举起；使（面包）发酵；抚育，抚养”；C选项solved“解决；解答”；D选项concluded“结束；推断；作结论”。句意：当你和一个阿拉伯人做生意时，你不得不忍受几个小时的闲聊，等待商业的话题被提起。本句关键词be broached表示“被提出”，be raised可以做同义替换，表示被提出。因此B选项正确。3. 单选题Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary
4、, flying in the face of what is acceptable and producing not what is acceptable but what will become accepted. According to this formulation, highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea that extraordinary creat
5、ivity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to arts, even though it may be valid for the sciences. Differences between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goals. For the sciences, a new theory is the goal and end result of
6、 the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of data, serving as the means for formulating or testing a new th
7、eory. The goal of highly creative art is very different: the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act. Shakespeares Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power; nor is Picassos painting Guernica primarily a propositional state
8、ment about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism What highly creative artistic activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit, in an innovativ
9、e way, the limits of an existing form, rather than transcend that form.This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes establishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field; the composer Monteverdi, who created music of the highest aesthetic value, comes to mind
10、. More generally, however, whether or not a composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has little bearing on its aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization, some musical works, such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata, are of signal historical impo
11、rtance, but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the great works of music. On the other band, Mozarts The Marriage of Figaro is surely among the masterpieces of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing means. It has been said of Beethoven that h
12、e toppled the rules and freed music from the stifling confines of convention.But a close study of his compositions reveals that Beethoven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather, he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limits the rules, forms, and conventions that he inherited from predecess
13、ors such as Haydn and Mozart, Handel and Bach in strikingly original ways.1. The author implies that Beethovens music was strikingly original because Beethoven（ ）.2. The author considers a new theory that coherently relates diverse phenomena to one another to be the（ ）.3. The passage states that the
14、 operas of Florentine Camerata are（ ）.4. The author regards the idea that all highly creative artistic transcends limits with（ ）.5. The passage supplies information for answering all of the following questions EXCEPT（ ）.问题1选项A.manipulated the established conventions of musical composition in a highl
15、y innovative fashionB.fundamentally changed the musical forms of his predecessors by adopting a richly inventive strategyC.embellished and Interwove the melodies of several of the great composers who preceded himD.strove to outdo his predecessors by becoming the first composer to exploit limits问题2选项
16、A.basis for reaffirming a well-established scientific formulationB.byproduct of an aesthetic experienceC.result of highly creative scientific creativityD.tool used by a scientist to discover a new particular.问题3选项A.unjustifiably ignored by musicologistsB.not generally considered to be of high aesthetic value even tho
