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1、2022年考博英语-北京大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Retirees looking to stretch their pensions might consider spending their golden years in Ecuador, Panama or Mexico, _cost of living is low and the weather is warm, according to a new index.问题1选项A.whichB.whenC.whereD.whose【答案】C【解析】考查语法知识。空格前是一个完整的句子，因此逗号后需要一个关系
2、词修饰表示地点的先行词“Educator, Pnama or Mexico”，后面的非限定性定语从句中不缺主要成分，因此关系词在从句中充当状语，只有C选项where符合要求。句意：一项新数据表明，希望延长养老金的退休人员可能会考虑在厄瓜多尔、巴拿马或墨西哥度过他们的黄金岁月，因为那里的生活成本较低，而且天气温暖。2. 单选题The number of stay-at-home fathers reached a record high last year, new figures show, as families saw a(n) _ in female breadwinners.问题1选项
3、A.raiseB.riseC.ariseD.increase【答案】D【解析】考查近义词辨析。由前后得知空白处需要填一个可数名词。作名词时，raise“提高，升”，表示某事物升了级别；rise“上升，增加”通常指数量增加或水平提高，为不可数名词；arise没有名词用法；increase“增加，增加额”，指大小和强度增加。句意：新的数据显示，因为家庭中挣钱女性人数的增加，去年全职爸爸的数量达到了历史新高。因此只有D选项符合题意。3. 单选题Students at these schools test far below the state average in reading, and thei
4、r scores have improved only( ).问题1选项A.marginallyB.marvelouslyC.martiallyD.markedly【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。marginally“少量地”；marvelously“不可思议地”；martially“勇敢地”；markedly“显著地”。句意：这些学校的学生在阅读测试中远远低于州平均水平，而且他们的成绩只得到了提高。空格前面有only修饰，因此可知是只提高了一点点。一次你A选项符合题意。4. 单选题U. S. Secretary of State Rice（ ）a three-day trip to the
5、Middle East with an agreementfrom Israeli and Palestinian leaders to hold meetings every two weeks.问题1选项A.ended upB.wrapped upC.rounded upD.summed up【答案】B【解析】考查动词词组辨析。end up “结束；死亡”；wrap up“包裹；圆满完成”；round up “围捕；赶拢”；sum up“总结，概述”。句意：美国国务卿赖斯中东为期三天的访问，与以色列和巴勒斯坦领导人达成协议，每两周举行会议。end up 后如果要接名词，必须有with。因此
6、B选项符合题意。5. 单选题_ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals.问题1选项A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.As【答案】D【解析】考查关系代词的用法。as在做关系代词时，表示“正如一样”。句意：正如新想法经常出现的情况一样，许多初步活动和乐观的讨论都不会产生具体的建议。因此D选项符合题意。6. 单选题Microsoft founder Bill Gates has ( ) about bei
7、ng a parent, stating that 13 is an appropriate age for a childs first cell phone.问题1选项A.opened upB.taken upC.put upD.held up【答案】A【解析】考查动词词组辨析。open up“坦诚地说，开辟，打开”；take up“开始从事，占用”；put up“提供，提出，建造”；hold up“举起”。句意：微软创始人比尔盖茨坦言为人父母之道，表明13岁是孩子拥有第一部手机的合适年龄。因此A选项符合题意。7. 单选题In time，the woman was persuaded to
8、 try this new form of discipline and to（ ）a failure to go to time out by the withdrawal of some privilege.问题1选项A.back offB.back upC.back downD.back with【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。back off“后腿；卸下”；back up“支持；承认；证实”；back down“放弃，让步”；back with，无此短语用法。句意：后来,这个女的被说服去试着接受这项新处罚，自己的过错,并被撤销了一些特权暂停了工作。因此B选项符合题意。8. 单选题I
9、rans morality police are（ ）on the sale of Barbie dolls to protect the public from what they see as pernicious western culture eroding Islamic values.问题1选项A.putting downB.breaking downC.cracking downD.looking down【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。put down “写下；镇压”；break down“分解；破坏”；crack down “严加治理”；look down “俯视，向下看
10、”。句意：伊朗道德警察出售芭比娃娃，以保护公众的伊斯兰价值观免受他们眼中有害的西方文化侵蚀。因此选项C符合题意。9. 单选题There are too many complaints about society having to move too fast to keep up with the machine.问题1选项A.that have toB.have toC.having toD.has to【答案】C【解析】考查语法知识。空格前是一个完整的there be句子，不缺成分，因此排除B和D两个谓语动词形式。如选择A选项，无法确认先行词会造成语意混乱，因此排除A选项。C选项的havi
11、ng to是以现在分词形式作为后置定语修饰前面的society。句意：有太多的人抱怨这个社会为了跟上机器而发展得太快。因此C选项符合题意。10. 单选题2009 was the worst year for the record labels in a decade.（1 ）was 2008, and before that 2007 and 2006. In fact, industry revenues have been（2 ）for the past 10 years. Digital sales are growing, but not as fast as traditional
12、sales are falling.Maybe thats because illegal downloads are so easy. People have been （3 ） intellectual property for centuries, but it used to be a time-consuming way to generate markedly （4 ） copies. These days, high-quality copies are （5 ）. According to the Pew Internet project, people use file-sh
13、aring software more often than they do iTunes and other legal shops.Id like to believe, as many of my friends seem to, that this practice wont do much harm. But even as Ive heard over the past decade that things werent （6 ）bad，that the music industry was moving to a new, better business model, each
14、years numbers have been worse. Maybe its time to admit that we may never find a way to（7 ） consumers who want free entertainment with creators who want to get paid.（8 ）8 on this problem, the computational neuroscientist Anders Sandberg recently noted that although we have strong instinctive feelings about ownership, intellectual property doesnt always （9 ） that framework. The harm done by individual acts of piracy is too small and too abstract. “The nature of intellectual property，” he wrote，“ makes it hard to maintain the social and empathic （10 ） that keep(s) us from taking each
