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1、2022年考博英语-云南大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it w
2、as a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only
3、 a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts
4、 at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies.Miess signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundan
5、ce. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Miess sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.T
6、he apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicagos Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the citys Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the el
7、egance of the buildings details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the sprea
8、ding two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came fr
9、om the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.1.The postwar American
10、 housing style largely reflected the Americans（ ）.2.Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?3.Mies held that elegance of architectural design（ ）.4.What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicagos Lake Shore Drive?5.What can we learn about the design of the“Case
11、Study House”?问题1选项A.prosperity and growthB.efficiency and practicalityC.restraint and confidenceD.pride and faithfulness问题2选项A.It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.B.Its designing concept was affected by World War II.C.Most American architects used to be associated with it.D.It had a great inf
12、luence upon American architecture.问题3选项A.was related to large spaceB.was identified with emptinessC.was not reliant on abundant decorationD.was not associated with efficiency问题4选项A.They ignored details and proportions.B.They were built with materials popular at that time.C.They were more spacious th
13、an neighboring buildings.D.They shared some characteristics of abstract art.问题5选项A.Mechanical devices were widely used.B.Natural scenes were taken into consideration.C.Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.D.Eco-friendly materials were employed.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。定位到文章
14、第一段“We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth”我们倾向于认为二战后的几十年是繁荣和发展的时期。由此可知A选项符合题意。2.细节事实题。定位到文章第三段“The phraseless is morewas actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated wi
15、th the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools.”事实上，“less is more”一词最初是由一位德国建筑师路德维希密斯凡德罗普及的。他和其他与包豪斯设计学院有关的人一样，在二战前移民到美国，并在美国建筑学院任职。由此可知C选项Most American architects used to be associated with it.大多数美国建筑师曾经与它联系在
16、一起符合题意。3.细节事实题。定位到文章第四段“Miess signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance.”密斯的名言是，少装饰，合理组织，会产生更大的影响。他认为优雅不是来自丰富。由此可知C选项was not reliant on abundant decoration不依赖于丰富的装饰正确。4.细节事实题。定位到文章第五段“But they were popular becaus
