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1、2022年考博英语-南京师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The scientific and medical communities are very excited about the chances genetic research provides for getting rid of disease and prolonging human life. But those communities and policy makers also are careful about the scientific door they are opening as t
2、he project uncovers the mysteries of life.For the last few years, the genetic advances in the developing field of biotechnology have provides material for all kinds of work, but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of the human genetic code have opened a world of possibilities
3、 for human health, as well as for the popular imagination.While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding human DNA, the leading organization for genetic research is in the United States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code”of the human body to learn how to defe
4、at fatal diseases. Already, the Human Genome Project has become widely known and praised for finding the genes connected with terrible diseases as yet and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer or AIDS.Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can dev
5、elop new ways to attack infections, and genetic diseases. Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human genome, as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses.1. Why did the scientists work hard at mapping the human genome?2. Which country studied the genes most rapidl
6、y in the world?3. Which of the following is NOT true?4. The author suggests that the Human Genome Project can cause（ ）.5. The main idea of this article is about（ ）.问题1选项A.Because the human genome can destroy many illnesses.B.Because the human genomes completion can help them get rid of many diseases
7、.C.Because they wanted to be better known than others.D.Because the human genome can provide a lot of chances of work.问题2选项A.Japan.B.Germany.C.The United States.D.China.问题3选项A.If the genes can be found, scientists can study many new ways to cure illnesses.B.The scientists have made great progress in
8、 connecting the genes with the cancers.C.Many medical companies show great interest in drawing the human genome map.D.The United States began the Genes Study early in the 19th century.问题4选项A.the policy makers to feel very worried and carefulB.the scientists to work harderC.many people to find work e
9、asilyD.a lot of companies to produce many new drugs问题5选项A.unlocking genetic codeB.the genes discoveryC.the great human genomeD.the genes and the scientists【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。由最后一段Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections, and
10、genetic diseases. Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human genome, as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses. 一旦发现并研究这些基因，研究人员就可以开发新的方法来对抗感染和遗传疾病。医药公司对绘制人类基因组非常感兴趣，因为他们希望开发出许多治疗这些疾病的新药。可知科学家绘制人类基因组的目的是为了研制一些药来对抗疾病。故B项正确。2.细节事实题。由第三段“While European and Japanes
11、e researchers are making rapid progress in decoding human DNA, the leading organization for genetic research is in the United States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code”of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases. 当欧洲和日本的研究人员在解码人类DNA方面取得快速进展时，始于1990年的美国的领先遗传研究组织正在“解开人体的密码”，以学习如何
12、战胜致命疾病。”由此可知美国在基因方面处于领先地位，故C项正确。3.推理判断题。由the leading organization for genetic research is in the United States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code”of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases. 基因研究的主要组织是美国，成立于1990年，正在解开人体的“密码”，以学习如何战胜致命疾病。可知美国于20世纪开始基因研究，而不是19世纪，故D项与原文内容不符。答案D4.推
13、理判断题。由第一段最后一句“But those communities and policy makers also are careful about the scientific door they are opening as the project uncovers the mysteries of life. 但这些行业和政策制定者也对他们打开的科学之门保持谨慎，因为这个项目揭示了生命的奥秘。可知A项“政策制定者感到非常担忧和谨慎”不对；C项文中未提及；由最后一句“Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human g
14、enome, as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses. 医药公司对绘制人类基因组非常感兴趣，因为他们希望开发出许多治疗这些疾病的新药。”可知D项“许多公司生产许多新药”是事实，并不需要推理。故只有B项正确，结合全文可知人类基因组图的完成将有助于科学家一系列难关，所以他们更加努力地探究。5.主旨大意题。由第二段的the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of the human genetic code have opened a
15、 world of possibilities for human health, as well as for the popular imagination. 现代科学的发展解开了人类遗传密码的秘密，为人类健康以及大众的想象打开了一个充满可能性的世界。以及第三段的which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code”of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases. 它始于1990年，正在解开人体的“密码”，以学习如何战胜致命疾病。可知解读基因密码可以知道如何对抗疾病。故A项正确。2. 单选题A
16、 close analogy to study design is the rough sketch made by an artist before be commits his vision to canvas. The broad outlines are drawn, the proper perspective achieved, and the total impact of the picture-to-be can be partially appreciated in advance. So it is with the design of research; it specifies in advance th
