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1、2022年考博英语-厦门大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题In fact,the country has exhibited considerable flexibility, relaxing its position on many_issues,including agricultural subsidies.问题1选项A.surpassingB.commodiousC.contentiousD.judicable【答案】C【解析】surpassing胜过的, 优秀的; commodious宽敞的, 方便的; contentious有争议的, 诉讼的; judicabl
2、e 应受审判的。句意：事实上, 该国表现出相当大的灵活性, 在包括农业补贴在内的许多有争议的问题上放松了立场。选项C符合句意。2. 单选题Although the examination he passed was not important, his success_ him in his ambition to become a doctor.问题1选项A.persuadedB.urgedC.convincedD.encouraged【答案】D【解析】persuaded劝说；urged催促， 怂恿；convinced使相信； encouraged激励， 鼓舞。句意：虽然这个考试并不重要，但
3、他的成功极大地鼓舞了他想要成为一名医生的理想。选项D符合句意。3. 单选题The Tacomas executive director and three port commissioners will be in China next week to_advice from world port experts on improving inland transportation systems.问题1选项A.discriminateB.disperseC.differentiateD.glean【答案】D【解析】discriminate歧视, 区别；disperse（使）分散, 疏散；di
4、fferentiate区别, 区分; glean 收集。句意：塔科马港执行董事和三名港务专员将于下周访问中国，听取世界港口专家关于改善内陆运输系统的建议。选项D符合句意。4. 单选题The_action of the policemen saved the people in the house from being burnt.问题1选项A.supremeB.significantC.promptD.vital【答案】C【解析】supreme最高的, 至高的; significant重大的, 有意义的; prompt及时的, 迅速的; vital至关重要的。句意：警察迅速采取措施, 使得房子
5、里的人免于烧伤。选项C符合句意。5. 单选题Advance in food preservation gave consumers in developed countries access to_all foods grown in distant lands.问题1选项A.extensivelyB.virtuallyC.artificiallyD.continually【答案】C【解析】extensively广泛的； virtually事实上； artificially人为地；continually不断地，频繁地。句意：食品保存技术的进步使发达国家的消费者能够人为地获取不同产地的食品。选项
6、C符合句意。6. 单选题The more time scientists spend designing computers the more they marvel at the human brain. Tasks that baffle（难住）the most advanced supercomputer recognizing a face, reading a handwritten note 一 are childs play for the 3-pound organ. Most important, unlike any conventional computer, the b
7、rain can learn from its mistakes. Researchers have tried for years to program computers to imitate the brains abilities, but without success. Now a growing number of designers believe they have the answer: if a computer is to function more like a person and less like an over-grown calculator it must
8、 be built more like a brain, which distributes information across a vast interconnected web of nerve cells, or neurons.Conventional computers function by following a chainlike sequence of detailed instructions. Although very fast, their processors can perform only one task at a time. This approach w
9、orks best in solving problems that can be broken down into simpler logical pieces. The processors in a neural-network computer, by contrast, form a network much like the nerve cells in the brain. Since these artificial neurons are interconnected, they can share information and perform tasks at the s
10、ame time. This two-dimensional approach works best at recognizing patterns.Instead of programming a neural-network computer to make decisions, its maker trains it to recognize patterns in any solution to a problem by repeatedly feeding examples to the machine.Neural networks come in all shapes and s
11、izes. Until now most existed as software simulations（模拟品）because redesigning computer chips took a lot of time and money. By experimenting with different approaches through software rather than hardware, scientists have been able to avoid costly mistakes. 1.It can be inferred from the first paragrap
12、h that the most advanced supercomputer （ ）.2.What is NOT true of a conventional computer?3.The main feature of a neural-network computer is that（ ） .4.The expression this two-dimensional approach in the second paragraph refers to （ ）.5.Scientists use software rather than hardware in their experiment
13、s because （ ） .问题1选项A.can recognize a face and read a handwritten noteB.can learn from its mistakesC.weighs only 3 poundsD.cannot distribute information across an interconnected web of nerve cells问题2选项A.It must be programmed before it works.B.It can only solve one problem at a time.C.It is good at s
14、olving one problem at a time.D.It is trained to recognize patterns instead of making decisions.问题3选项A.its processors act as an interconnected web of neuronsB.it is programmed to make decisionsC.its networks are of all shapes and sizesD.its neurons are artificial问题4选项A.the conventional computer and t
15、he neural computerB.making decisions and recognizing patternsC.sharing information and performing tasksD.the computer and the human brain问题5选项A.it can avoid redesigning computer chipsB.it can save a lot of time and moneyC.it can avoid making mistakesD.it is more like the human brain【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.根据第一段最后一句if a computer is to fu
