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1、2022年考博英语-西南大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 翻译题Translate the following short paragraphs info English花些力气教会孩子们良好的花钱习惯是非常值得的，因其带来的好处是使他们受益 一生的。没有受过这些金钱教育的孩子们将一辈子为此付出代价。有些：父母不和子女 谈论金钱，因为他们觉得不应该和小孩子谈论金钱，觉得没有时间，或者是认为他们没 有足够的钱。作为父母，不论他们的收入如何都应该花时间教导子女有关钱的问题。 大部分人对金钱所持有的固有的感受和看法都是基于儿时的经历以及家庭的价值观和信念。多数情况下，每个父母的这些经历、价
2、值观和信念都是不同的。父母谈论这些感 受和看法并建立起一条前后一致的：树立子女金钱观的途径对于孩子的健康成长非常重要。【答案】Its worthy of taking effort to teach children good habit of spending, which will be benefit for their whole life. Those children who are not taught these lessons will pay the consequences for a life-time. Some parents dont teach their ch
3、ildren about money because they think they shouldnt talk about money with children and they dont have time, or they think they dont have enough money. As parents, they should teach children about money regardless of their income. Most peoples feeling and opinions about money are based on childhood e
4、xperiences and the value and beliefs of their families. In most cases, every parent has different experiences, values and beliefs. It is very important for the healthy development of children that parents talk about these feelings and opinions and establish a consistent approach to teach their child
5、ren about money.2. 单选题Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance, were determined by technologists, artisans designers, inventors, and engineers using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of t
6、he objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the deta
7、ils of our material surroundings. Pyramids, cathedrals, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.The creative shaping process of a technologists mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For e
8、xample, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness. What would he the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should the valves be placed? Should it have a long or sho
9、rt piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculations, but the nonscientific compo
10、nent of design remains primary.Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to enta
11、il hard thinking, nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isom
12、etric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum
13、 provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowsto
14、rm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations; they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.1.In the text, the author is prima
15、rily concerned with （ ）.2.It can be inferred that the author thinks engineering curricula are（ ）.3.Which of the following statements best illustrates the main point of the first two paragraphs of the text?4.Which of the following statements would best serve as an introduction to the text?5.The autho
16、r cab the predicament faced by the Historic American Engineering Record paradoxical (line 6, paragraph 3) most probably because （ ）.问题1选项A.identifying the kinds of thinking that are used by technologists.B.stressing the importance of nonverbal thinking in engineering design.C.proposing a new role for nonscientific thinking in the development of technology.D.contrasting the goals of engineers with those of techn
