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1、2022年考博英语-辽宁大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题世界不会缺少贪婪，且很少有人、公司或国家能例外。企业和国家总是相互竞争，采用不那么合法的手段获取优势。随着全球网络的出现，技术扩散至每个人，贪婪来到了那些可能永远也不会犯罪的人旁边。贪婪在各个层面上都起作用，而大多数信息系统存在的薄弱环节则为企图利用这些弱点的人提供了攫取惊人利润的机会。【答案】【参考译文】Greed is in no short supply, and few individuals, business, or countries are exempt. Business and governments
2、 constantly maneuvered to gain an advantage over each other, relying on less-than-legal techniques to gain an edge. With the Global Network in place, and the proliferation of technology for everyone, greed has found its way to people who might otherwise never commit a crime. Greed operates at all le
3、vels, and due to the vulnerability of most information systems, provides opportunity to exploit their weakness for enormous profits.2. 翻译题Deepen educational cooperation in an all-round way to promote long-term development. Education is fundamental to a countrys enduring prosperity. It is necessary f
4、or us all to intensify exchanges and cooperation between educational and academic institutions, expand linkages between institutions of higher learning and carry out youth, cultural and sports exchanges in diverse forms. In particular, we should increase educational assistance to less developed coun
5、tries, promote two-way flow of educational resources and raise the educational level of our region.Strengthen international cooperation in disaster reduction and relief in the spirit of helping those in need and assisting those in difficulty. As natural disasters know no national boundaries, they mu
6、st be managed by cooperative efforts. In recent years, we have laid a good foundation of cooperation in responding to the sudden strike of the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami and other major disasters. We should step up cooperation in developing a disaster early-warning system, sharing disaster
7、information and reduction technology and enhancing disaster reduction capacity building to bring about harmony between social and economic development and the preservation of natural resources and the ecological environment.【答案】【参考译文】全面深化教育合作以促进长期发展。教育是一个国家长治久安的基础。我们都有必要去加强教育和学术机构之间的交流与合作，扩大高等院校之间的联
8、系并以多种形式开 展青年、文化和体育交流。我们尤其应该增加对欠发达国家的教育援助，促进教育资源的双向流动并提高我们的教育水平。本着助危为安的精神，加强国际减灾救灾合作。自然灾害无国界，应对自然灾害需要各方共同的努力。近年来，我们在应对印度洋大地震、海啸和其他重大灾害的突然袭击中已经奠定了一个良好的合作基础。我们应加强灾害预警系统建设、灾害信息和减灾技术共享、减灾能力建设等方面的合作，实现经济社会发展与自然资源和生态环境保护的和谐统一。3. 翻译题Do you see the glass as half full rather than half empty? Do you keep your
9、eye upon the doughnut, not upon the hollow? Suddenly these clichs are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking.A fast-growing body of research is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful; pessimism leads, by contrast, to ho
10、pelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. “If you could teach people to think more positively,” says psychologist Craig, “it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills.”Your abilities count, but the belief that you can succeed affect
11、s whether or not you will. In part, thats because optimists and pessimists deal with the same challenges and disappointments in very different ways.Take, for example, your job. In a major study, psychologist Seligman and his colleague surveyed sales representatives at a Life Insurance Company. They
12、found that the positive thinkers among longtime representatives sold 37 percent more insurance than did the negative thinkers. Of newly hired representatives, optimists sold 20 percent more. How did they do it? The secret to an optimists success is in his “explanatory style.” When things go wrong, t
13、he pessimist tends to blame himself, while the optimist looks for loopholes. When things go right, the optimist takes credit while the pessimist sees success as a fluke.Negative or positive, it was a self-fulfilling prophecy. “If people feel hopeless, they dont bother to acquire the skills they need
14、 to succeed,” says Craig.A sense of control is the litmus test for success. The optimist feels in control of his own life. The pessimist feels like fates plaything and moves slowly. He doesnt see advice, since he assumes nothing can be done. Optimists may think they are better than the facts would j
15、ustify and sometimes thats what keeps them alive. Dr. Sandra Levey of Pittsburg Cancer Institute studied women with advanced breast cancer. For the women who were generally optimistic, there was a longer disease-free interval, the best predictor of survival. In a pilot study of women in the early st
16、ages of breast cancer, Dr. Levey found the disease recurred sooner among the pessimists.【答案】【参考译文】你看到的玻璃杯是半满的还是半空的？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈还是中间的那个洞？当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的力量时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。迅速增多的大量研究工作证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。与此相反，悲观则导致无望、疾病以及失败，它与沮丧、孤独、令人苦恼的腼腆密切相关。心理学家克雷格说：“如果你能够教会人们更积极地思考，那就如同为他们注射了预防这些心理疾病的疫苗。”你的能力固然重要，但你能成功的信念影响到你是否真能成功。在某种程度上，这是由于乐观者和悲观者以截然不同的方式对待同样的挑战和失望。以你的工作为例。心理学家塞利格曼和他的同事对一家人寿保险公司的推销员进行了广泛调查。他们发现，在工龄较长的推销员中
