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1、2022年考博英语-北京科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题We are（ ）faced with the necessary to recognize that having more people implies a low standard of living.问题1选项A.readilyB.smoothlyC.inevitablyD.deliberately【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。A项readily“容易地，乐意地”，B项smoothly“平稳地，平滑地”，C项inevitably“不可避免地”，D项deliberately“故意地”。根据关键词with t
2、he necessary to（有必要）可知，空格部分填入inevitably最合适。句意：我们不可避免地必须要认识到人越多生活水平越低。因此，该题选择C项正确。2. 单选题The age of other trees is variously estimated as（ ）from two hundred to eight hundred years.问题1选项A.changingB.differingC.varyingD.ranging【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A项change“改变”，B项differ“使相异/不同”，C项vary“变化，变异”，D项range表示“变动，列为一行”
3、，range from固定用法，表示“从到变动，从到范围”。句意：其他树木的年龄有不同的估计，从200年到800年不等。因此D项正确。3. 单选题Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better a
4、dvice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.Handsome male executives were perceived as having more
5、integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck. All unattractive women executives were though
6、t to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.Why are attractive women no
7、t thought to be able? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “m
8、asculine” qualities required.This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Ann Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduates to rank two groups o
9、f photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive me
10、n, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.1. The last word in Paragraph one “liability” most probably means（ ）.2. In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness（ ）.3. Bowmans experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness（ ）.4. It can
11、be inferred from the passage that peoples views on beauty are often（ ）.5. The author writes this passage to（ ）.问题1选项A.misfortunetB.instabilitytC.disadvantagetD.burdent问题2选项A.reinforces the feminine qualities requiredtB.makes women look more honest and capabletC.is of primary importance to womentD.of
12、ten enables women to succeed quicklyt问题3选项A.turns out to be an obstacletB.affects men and women aliketC.has as little effect on men as on womentD.is more of an obstacle than a benefit to woment问题4选项A.practicaltB.prejudicedtC.old-fashionedtD.radicalt问题5选项A.discuss the negative aspects of being attrac
13、tivetB.give advice to job-seekers who are attractivetC.demand equal rights for womentD.emphasize the importance of appearance【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】第1题:语义推测题。题干意思是“第一段最后一个单词liability的意思是”。第一段开头便提到了美丽的优势，Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriag
14、es and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants.（几乎每个人都认为有魅力的人更幸福、更健康，有更好的婚姻和更体面的职业；个人顾问会给他们更好的求职建议；就连法官对有吸引力的被告也比较宽容），接着最后一句话用but转折引出了下一句的内容But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liabi
15、lity，由此可知这句话应该是“但在行政圈，美貌可能成为一种劣势”，liability 在文中表示“劣势”，故C项“缺点，劣势”正确。A项“不幸”、B项“不稳定”和D项“负担”都不能准确表达。故该题选择C项正确。第2题:细节事实题。题干意思是“在传统的女性工作中，吸引力”。第三段第二句提到Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.（人们认为，有魅力的女性高管不如没有魅力的人正直；她们的成功不是由于能力，而是由于运气等因素），可知对于有魅力的女性来说，她们会更加加强对女性素质的要求，故A项“加强对女性品质的要求”正确。B项“让女人看起来更诚实和有能力”和C项“对妇女来说是最重要的”与原文相反；D项“经常使妇女迅速成功”文章没有提到。故该题选择A项正确。第3题:细节事实题。题干意思是“鲍曼的实验表明，当涉及到政治，吸引力”。根据最后一段The results show
