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1、考研考博-考博英语-北京科技大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题Trees are good. Good enough to hug. Planting trees will make the world cooler than it would otherwise be. This is the subject of a newly published study by Govindasamy Bala, of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, in California, and his colleagues. Dr Bala has fo
2、und, rather counter-intuitively, that removing all of the worlds trees might actually cool the planet down.The reason for this is that trees affect the worlds temperature by means other than the carbon they take in. For instance forests remain quite a dark shade even after a snowstorm. They are cert
3、ainly darker than grasslands, and thus they can absorb more of the suns heat than vegetation which might otherwise cover the same stretch of land. That warms things up.Dr Bala and his colleagues took such effects into account using a computer model called the Integrated Climate and Carbon Model. Unl
4、ike most climate-change models, which calculate how the Earth should absorb and radiate heat in response to a list of greenhouse-gas concentrations, this one has many subsections that represent how the carbon cycle works, and how it influences the climate.Overall, Dr Balas model suggests that comple
5、te deforestation would cause an additional 1.3 temperature rise compared with business as usual because of the higher carbondioxide levels that would result. However, the additional reflectivity of the planet would cause 1.6 of cooling. A treeless world would thus be 0.3 cooler than otherwise.No one
6、, of course, would consider chopping down the worlds forests to keep the planet cool. But having made their point, Dr Bala and his colleagues then went on to look at forest growth and loss at different latitudes. Planting trees in convenient places such as Europe and North America may actually be co
7、unterproductive. In Russia and Canada, cutting trees down led mostly to local cooling. The carbon dioxide this released into the atmosphere, though, warmed the world all over. Around the equator, by contrast, warming acted locally (as well as globally), so a tropical country would experience warming
8、 created by cutting down trees.The results follow increasing criticism from climate scientists of the benefits of forestry schemes to offset carbon emissions. Planting trees to neutralize carbon emissions has become a big business: 60m worth of trees have been bought this year, up from 20m in 2005.
9、By 2010 the market is expected to reach f300m.1. According to the passage, trees make the world warmer because of their（ ）.2. Dr Balas Integrated Climate and Carbon Model（ ）.3. Based on Dr Balas model, a treeless world would（ ）.4. According to Dr Bala, the best places to plant trees would be（ ）.5. A
10、s is shown in the passage, criticism from other climate scientists（ ）.问题1选项A.deep colortB.round shapetC.enormous sizetD.high reflectivityt问题2选项A.supports the findings of other climate modelstB.is based on the results of other climate modelstC.uses a system different from other climate modelstD.chall
11、enges the basic theory of other climate modelst问题3选项A.cause serious environmental problemstB.prove helpful in fighting global warmingtC.make it difficult to deal with climate changetD.raise carbon dioxide levels and global temperaturet问题4选项A.North AmericatB.Europe tC.High-latitude countriestD.tropic
12、al countriestt问题5选项A.should be taken rather seriouslytB.is unreasonable and far-fetchedtC.involves mostly economic intereststD.is voiced on behalf of the government【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】第1题:细节推理题。题干意思是“根据文章，树木使世界变暖是因为它们”。根据文章第二段第二句forests remain quite a dark shade even after a snowstorm（在
13、暴风雪之后，森林仍然是一片黑暗的阴影）和最后一句That warms things up（这会让气氛升温）可知，是因为树木颜色深、阴影面积大，所以世界才会变暖，故A项“颜色深”正确。B项“圆形状”、C项“巨大的体积”和D项“高反射率”都与树木使世界变暖无关。因此，该题选择A项正确。第2题:细节推理题。题干意思是“巴拉博士的综合气候和碳模型”。根据第三段第二句Unlike most climate-change models, which calculate how the Earth should absorb and radiate heat in response to a list of
14、 greenhouse-gas concentrations, this one has many subsections that represent how the carbon cycle works, and how it influences the climate.（大多数气候变化模型都是根据一系列温室气体浓度来计算地球应该如何吸收和辐射热量，而这个模型不同，它有许多分部来代表碳循环是如何工作的，以及它是如何影响气候的）可知，巴拉博士的“综合气候和碳模型”和大多数气候变化模型不同，故C项“使用一个不同于其他气候模型的系统”正确。A项“支持其他气候模型的发现”和B项“是基于其他气候模
15、型的结果”文中未提及；D项“挑战其他气候模型的基本理论”，文章只是把“综合气候和碳模型”和其他气候模型做了对比，并没有提到挑战，D项错误。因此，该题选择C项正确。第3题:细节推理题。题干意思是“根据巴拉博士的模型，一个没有树木的世界将会是”。第四段最后一句提到A treeless world would thus be 0.3 cooler than otherwise.（一个没有树木的世界会比其他情况低0.3），由此可知，没有树木的世界气温会下降，由此可以有助于对抗全球变暖的问题，故B项“证明有助于对抗全球变暖”正确。A项“造成严重的环境问题”和C项“使应对气候变化变得困难”不是根据巴拉博士
16、的模型得出的结论；D项“提高二氧化碳水平和全球温度”，内容与原文相反。因此，该题选择B项正确。第4题:细节推理题。题干意思是“巴拉博士认为，最好的植树地点是”。第五段最后一句指出Around the equator, by contrast, warming acted locally (as well as globally), so a tropical country would experience warming created by cutting down trees.（相比之下，在赤道附近，气候变暖是局部的，也是全球现象，所以一个热带国家会经历砍伐树木造成的变暖），由此可知热带国
