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1、勃氏硬度試驗(BRINELL HARDNESS TEST)一、目的：巨觀硬度二、設備：勃氏硬度試驗機 圖1 勃氏硬度試驗機 圖2 計測顯微鏡三.原理: 1.硬度試驗對試片和壓痕位置的規定: D =壓痕直徑, T =壓痕深度鋼球 2.勃氏硬度試驗原理:壓痕直徑 3.硬度數據求法: 2 P (1)代入公式:HB= pDD-(D2 D2 ) 其中: P:已知 D:10MM(或5MM) D=?(由計測顯微鏡量出) 荷重 (P)選擇依據: D=0.20.6D (即D=26MM) (2)查表(表1):最常用 表 勃 氏 硬 度 表BRINELL硬度數(鋼球直徑10MM)壓痕直徑 MMHB壓痕直徑 MMHB
2、壓痕直徑 MMHB壓痕直徑 MMHB壓痕直徑 MMHB500KGF3000KGF500KGF3000KGF500KGF3000KGF500KGF3000KGF500KGF3000KGF2.002.052.102.152.202.252.302.352.402.452.502.552.602.652.702.752.802.852.902.95158150143136130124119114109104100 96.3 92.6 89.0 85.7 82.6 79.6 76.8 74.1 71.594589985681778074571268265362760157855553451449547
3、74614444293.003.053.103.153.203.253.303.353.403.453.503.553.603.653.703.753.803.853.903.9569.166.864.662.560.558.656.855.153.451.850.348.947.546.144.943.642.441.340.239.14154013883753633523413313213113022932852772692622552482412354.004.054.104.154.204.254.304.354.404.454.504.554.604.654.704.754.804.
4、854.904.9538.137.136.235.334.433.632.832.031.230.529.829.128.427.827.126.525.925.424.824.32292232172122072011971921871831791741701671631591561521491465.005.055.105.155.205.255.305.355.405.455.505.555.605.655.705.755.805.855.905.9523.823.322.822.321.821.420.920.520.119.719.318.918.618.217.817.517.216
5、.816.516.214314013713413112812612312111811611411110910710510310199.297.36.006.056.106.156.206.256.306.356.406.456.506.556.606.656.706.756.806.856.906.9515.915.615.315.114.814.514.214.013.713.513.313.012.812.612.412.111.911.711.511.395.593.792.090.388.787.185.584.082.581.079.678.276.875.474.172.871.6
6、70.469.268.0BRINELL硬度數(鋼球直徑10MM)壓痕直徑 MMHB壓痕直徑 MMHB壓痕直徑 MMHB壓痕直徑 MMHB壓痕直徑 MMHB1000KGF1500KGF1000KGF1500KGF1000KGF1500KGF1000KGF1500KGF1000KGF1500KGF2.002.052.102.152.202.252.302.352.402.452.502.552.602.652.702.752.802.852.902.953153002852722602482372272182092001931851781711651591541481434734504284083
7、903723563413273133012892782672572482392302222153.003.053.103.153.203.253.303.353.403.453.503.553.603.653.703.753.803.853.903.95138134129125121117114110107104101 97.7 94.9 92.3 89.7 87.2 84.9 82.6 80.4 78.32072001941881821761701651601561511471421381351311271241211174.004.054.104.154.204.254.304.354.4
8、04.454.504.554.604.654.704.754.804.854.904.9576.374.372.470.668.867.165.563.962.460.959.558.156.855.554.353.051.950.749.648.611411110910610310198.395.993.691.489.387.285.283.381.479.677.876.174.472.85.005.055.105.155.205.255.305.355.405.455.505.555.605.655.705.755.805.855.905.9547.546.545.544.643.74
9、2.841.941.040.239.438.637.937.136.435.735.034.333.733.132.471.369.868.366.965.564.162.861.560.359.157.956.855.754.653.552.551.550.549.648.76.006.056.106.156.206.256.306.356.406.456.506.556.606.656.706.756.806.856.906.9531.831.230.730.129.629.028.528.027.527.026.526.125.625.124.724.323.923.523.122.74
10、7.746.846.045.244.343.542.742.041.240.539.839.138.437.737.136.435.835.234.634.0 4.特點: (1) 荷重及壓痕最大。(2) 限制:不能用於極硬、極薄、表面硬化層材料。(3) 適用於鑄件及熱加工材料(因晶粒粗大)。5.硬度表示法: H B :320 H B S:450 H B W:650 HB (D/P)硬度值例: HB (10/3000) 170 四.實驗方法: 1.材料:F 60MM的圓柱形試片(共有三塊)(1) AISI 1020 低碳鋼(2) 六四黃銅(3) A6063鋁合金 2.實驗條件:鋼球直徑10 MM,重錘座預加重量為500KG。 各材料可選用的荷重為:鋼:3000KG,銅和鋁:1500 KG。 3. 實驗步驟: (1)選定試驗荷重:使壓痕直徑=0.20.6倍鋼球直徑(即26 MM)。(2)放上重錘,且重錘之裝上卸下須左右同時為之。須注意 重錘重量 = 試驗荷重 - 預加荷重(500 KG)。 (3)將試片放在砧座上。(4)旋轉升降手輪到試片面和鋼球輕輕接觸為止。(5)關閉排氣閥,但
