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1、word英国文学简史完全版A Concise History of British LiteratureChapter 1 English Literature of Anglo-Saxon Period1. The historical background1 Before the Germanic invasion2 During the Germanic invasiona. immigration;b. Christianity;c. heptarchy.d. social classes structure: hide-hundred; eoldermen lord thane -
2、middle class freemen - lower class slave or bondmen: theow;e. social organization: clan or tribes.f. military Organization;g. Church function: spirit, civil service, education;h. economy: coins, trade, slavery;i. feasts and festival: Halloween, Easter; j. legal system.2. The Overview of the culture1
3、 The mixture of pagan and Christian spirit.2 Literature: a. poetry: two types; b. prose: two figures.II.Beowulf.1. A general introduction.2. The content.3. The literary features.1 the use of alliteration2 the use of metaphors and understatements3 the mixture of pagan and Christian elementsIII.The Ol
4、d English Prose1.What is prose?1The Venerable Bede2Alfred the Great1. The Historical Background.1 The year 1066: Norman Conquest.2 The social situations soon after the conquest.A. Norman nobles and serfs;B. restoration of the church.3 The 11th century.A. the crusade and knights.B. dominance of Frenc
5、h and Latin;4 The 12th century.A. the centralized government;B. kings and the church Henry II and Thomas;5 The 13th century.A. The legend of Robin Hood;B. Magna Carta 1215;C. the beginning of the ParliamentD. English and Latin: official languages the end6 The 14th century.a. the House of Lords and t
6、he House of monsconflict between the Parliament and Kings;b. the rise of towns.c. the change of Church.d. the role of women.e. the Hundred Years Warstarting.f. the development of the trade: London.g. the Black Death.h. the Peasants Revolt1381.i. The translation of Bible by Wycliff.7 The 15th century
7、.a. The Peasants Revolt 1453b. The War of Roses between Lancasters and Yorks.c. the printing-pressWilliam Caxton.d. the starting of Tudor Monarchy14852. The Overview of Literature.1 the stories from the Celtic lands of Wales and Brittanygreat myths of the Middle Ages.2 Geoffrye of MonmouthHistoria R
8、egum BritanniaeKing Authur.3 WaceLe Roman de Brut.4 The romance.5 the second half of the 14th century: Langland, Gawin poet, Chaucer.II.Sir Gawin and Green Knight.1. a general introduction.2. the plot.III.William Langland.1. Life2. Piers the Plowman1. Life2. Literary Career: three periods1 French pe
9、riod2 Italian period3 master period3. The Canterbury TalesA. The Framework;B. The General Prologue;C. The Tale Proper.4. His Contribution.1 He introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types.2 He is the first great poet who wrote in the current English language.3 The spoken English of the
10、time consisted of several dialects, and Chaucer did much in making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech.V. Popular Ballads.VI.Thomas Malory and English ProseVII.The beginning of English Drama.1. Miracle Plays.Miracle play or mystery play is a form of medieval drama that c
11、ame from dramatization of the liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church. It developed from the 10th to the 16th century, reaching its height in the 15th century. The simple lyric character of the early texts was enlarged by the addition of dialogue and dramatic action. Eventually the performance was move
12、d to the churchyard and the marketplace.2. Morality Plays.A morality play is a play enforcing a moral truth or lesson by means of the speech and action of characters which are personified abstractions figures representing vices and virtues, qualities of the human mind, or abstract conceptions in gen
13、eral.3. Interlude.The interlude, which grew out of the morality, was intended, as its name implies, to be used more as a filler than as the main part of an entertainment. As its best it was short, witty, simple in plot, suited for the diversion of guests at a banquet, or for the relaxation of the au
14、dience between the divisions of a serious play. It was essentially an indoors performance, and generally of an aristocratic nature.Chapter 3 English Literature in the Renaissance I.A Historical BackgroundII.The Overview of the Literature 1485-1660Printing pressreadershipgrowth of middle classtrade-e
15、ducation for laypeople-centralization of power-intellectual life-exploration-new impetus and direction of literature.Humanism-study of the literature of classical antiquity and reformed education.Literary style-modeled on the ancients.The effect of humanism-the dissemination of the cultivated, clear, and sensible attitude of its classically educated adherents.1. poetryThe first tendency by Sidney and Spenser: ornate, florid, highly figured style.The second tendency by Donne: metaphysical sty
