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1、并列句、祈使句、感叹句、反意疑问句 涂 兴 仁 一. 并列句并列句一般由并列连词and , but , or , for , yet , while /whereas , so 等连接。1. and / or She left for Shanghai and I left for Shanghai , too . I said it and I mean it . Work hard and / then youll succeed . A few months more and we will do it well . Arrive late once more and you will
2、be fired . Give him an inch and he will take a mile . I dont like iced tea , and nor does she . My husband lived at home before we got married , and so did I . Work hard or / or else / otherwise youll fail in your examinations . Turn the heat down or your cake will burn . I need a coat , or do I ? Y
3、ou must go to work or else youll lose your job . Do you want a bath at once or shall I have mine first ? 2. but / yet / while / whereas Tom went to the party , but his brother didnt . He doesnt like music but his wife does . She cut her knee badly but she didnt cry . Id like to go to the theatre ton
4、ight , but Im too busy . He would have come with us but he had no money . Im sorry , but I dont share your opinion . Excuse me , but are you Mr Wang ? Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue . Some praise him , whereas others condemn him . She prefers yellow , whereas I prefer green
5、 . He earns $8,000 a year whereas she gets at least $20,000 . 3. for They cant see the elephant , for they are all blind . He shook his head , for he thought differnently . 4. neither / nor I dont know , neither do I want . He cannot speak , neither can he hear . 5. so She asked me to go , so I went
6、 . You arent listening so Ill shut up . 6. not only but also , neither nor Not only did my friends help me find the proper game , but they also wanted to donate , too . 二. 祈使句 1. Lets do sth . Let sb do sth . Lets go . Lets not go . Let us / me go . Let us / me not go . Let him / her / them be here
7、by eight .Dont let him / her / them be here by eight . 2. Do sth . Dont do sth . Jack clean the door and you open the window . Everyone sit down . Come and have a cup of tea .Please have a rest . Sit down , please . You stand up . Dont be nervous . Dont forget it . Shall I openthe window ? Yes , ple
8、ase do . (No , please dont .) 三. 感叹句 1. what What a clever girl (she is) ! What fools we are ! What noise you are making ! 2. how How careless she is ! How fast he is running ! How strange a feeling it was ! What a strange feeling it was ! How nice the watch is ! How nice a watch it is ! What a nice
9、 watch it is ! 四. 反意疑问句 反意疑问句的主语要用人称代词; 但there be 结构, 用there。反意疑问句部分一般用两个单词。主句部分肯定, 反问句部分否定; 主句部分否定, 反问句部分肯定。 Mary wasnt at home that day , was she ? London will hold the 30th Olympics in 2012 , wont it ?There are less than 50 students in Grade Two , Senior Three , arent there ? There used to be a v
10、illage ,usednt there ? 反意疑问句的回答: You arent a teacher , are you ? Yes , I am . (No, Im not . / No , Im a student .) 1. anyone/anybody , someone/somebody , everyone/everybody , no one , neither 作主语时，反问句主语用they/he 。Nobody can work it out , can they ？Someone had recognized me , hadnt they ？Everyone exce
11、pt Jack and Johnson knows the truth , dont they ? 2. something , anything , everything , nothing 作主语时，反问句主语用it 。 Nothing was right, was it ? Everything is ready, isnt it ? Something is wrong with my car, isnt it ?3. (1) none 作主语, 指人或可数名词时，反问句一般用they; 指不可数名词时，反问句主语用it 。 None can do it , can they ? No
12、ne of the money was left , was it ? (2) none of / some of 作主语，指人，反问句的主语用we/you/they ; 作主语，指不可数，反问句的主语用it 。 None of us fall behind , do we ? None of you go against my plan , do you ? None of the students went to school late , did they ? Some of the money has been wasted , hasnt it ? (3) each of 指人，强调
13、单个，反问句的主语用he ; 指人，强调全体，用we/you/they 。 Each of us will get a ticket , wont we ？ Each of you bought a new car , didnt you ？ Each of the students passed the exams , didnt they ? Each of the girls was given a ticket , wasnt she ? (4) 主语为one时，反问句的主语用one / you 。 One should drive carefully , shouldnt one /
14、 you ? 4. this/that作主语时，反问句的主语用it ; these/those作主语，反问句的主语用they 。单数名词作语用it / he / she ; 复数名词作主语用they 。 That / This is Mr. Li , isnt it ? These / Those are not new , are they ? Those people are too cruel ,arent they ? The flowers are beautiful , arent they ？The lost boy was found last night , wasnt he
15、 ?Your watch doesnt work , does it ? 5. There be , there ? Theres something wrong , isnt there ? There seems to be a river ahead , doesnt there ? Thereused to be a village here , usednt / didnt there ? There is the man who wants to see you , isnt he ? (倒装) There comes the bus , doesnt it ？(倒装)6. to do sth / doing sth 作主语，反问句的主语用it ; 句子作主语， 反问句的主语用it 。 To learn Englsih well needs a lot of practice
