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1、初中英语语法专项习题1名词初中英语语法专项习题 一、名词 表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词 名词的分类 名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。 可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词。 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词 专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States） 名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种： 一般情况下,在词尾加s. eg.bookbooks,dogdogs,penp
2、ens,boyboys 以轻辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为s，以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为z。 以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es. eg.beachbeaches,brushbrushes,busbuses,boxboxes以“辅音字母y”结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加es. eg.citycities,familyfamilies,documentarydocumentaries,countrycountries, strawberrystrawberries 以o结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： ,.tomatotomatoes,potatopotatoes, he
3、roheroes negro negroes mongomongoesp 结尾是两个元音字母的加s,eg.zoozoos,radioradios 某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg. pianopianos 一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s, eg.photophotos,kilokilos zero变复数时，既可加s,也可加 eg.zeroszeroes 以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es. eg.wifewives,leaf leaves,halfhalves,knifeknives,thiefthieves 有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换
4、其中的字 1 eg.manmen,womanwomen,policemanpolicemen,EnglishmanEnglishmen,FrenchmanFrenchmen, footfeet, toothteeth, childchildren,mousemice,OxOxen 还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 eg.Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish 另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。 eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes,scissors 另外,当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。 eg.
5、an apple tree,five apple trees,a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister 但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。 eg.two men teachers,three women doctors 可用“量词+of+名词复数”这一结构表示可数名词的数量。 eg.a room Of students,two boxes Of pencils 2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它的“量”的表示方式如下。 表不定数量时,一般用much,little,a lot oflots of,some,any等词
6、修饰。 eg,much money,a little bread 表确定数量时,一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：twothree+量词复数十of+不可数名词。 eg.a bag Of rice,two glasses Of milk,four bottles Of water 3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。 eg： fruit水果fruits表示不同种类的水果；food食物foods各种食品；fish鱼fishes鱼的种类；drink饮料、酒a drink一杯一份饮料、一杯酒； cloth布,a cloth桌布、抹布； sand沙sands沙滩； tea
7、茶a tea一杯茶；chicken鸡肉a chicken小鸡；orange橘汁an orange橘子； glass玻璃a glass玻璃杯,glasses眼镜； paper纸a paper试卷、论文；wood木头a wood小森林；room空间、余地a room房间 名词的所有格 有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。 不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加s. eg.Mikes watch；Womens Day 以s结尾的名词变成所有格时,只加。 eg.teachersoffice,studentsrooms 两个或两个以上名词并列,表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名
8、词后加s. eg.Tom and Mikes room汤姆和迈克的房间 两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加s. eg.Marys and Jennys bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车 无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构 2 eg.a map Of China,the beginning Of this game,the door Of the room 特殊形式 可用s和of短语表示的名词所有格 eg.the boys name=the name Of the boy the dogs legs=the legs of the dog Chinas population=
9、the population Of China Chinas capital=the capital of China 双重所有格 eg.a fiend of my mothers我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Toms汤姆的一张图片 练习题 1. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more_. Can yo
10、u go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _are_for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used B. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big_ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree_. A. leafs B. l
11、eaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some _?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five_. A.tomatosB. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much _ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us_ on
12、how to keep fit. A.some advices B.someadvice C.an adviceD.a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew_ was bad. 3 A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What_ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like_tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two_. A. any, bottles of orang
13、e B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him _ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:_ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some ti
14、me ( ) 4 I would like to have_. A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk I C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me _? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me _ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought_for himse
15、lf yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 ( ) 1 -How many _ have you got on your farm? -Ive got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken ( ) 2 Some _ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 3 In the picture there are many_ and two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps; foxes B. sheeps; fox D. sheep;foxs ( ) 4 A group of_ will visit the museum tomorrow. A
