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1、2022年考博英语-燕山大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Rock music usually _ the young people in most countries.问题1选项A.applies toB.appeals toC.amazesD.actress【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项applies to“适用于；向提出申请”；B选项appeals to“呼吁；要求；对有吸引力”；C选项amazes“使吃惊”；D选项actress“女演员”。句意：摇滚乐通常_大多数国家的年轻人。根据语境，这里B选项appeals to“对有吸引力”搭配young pe
2、ople比较合理，意思指年轻人喜欢摇滚乐。因此B选项正确。2. 单选题The wreckage of the exploded car _ the traffic.问题1选项A.interferedB.interpretedC.disruptedD.corrupted【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项interfered“妨碍（有损害）”；B选项interpreted“解释；作口译”；C选项disrupted“妨碍，扰乱（使维持正常状态有难度）”；D选项corrupted“腐化”。句意：汽车爆炸的残骸_交通。根据语境，这里指汽车爆炸扰乱了正常交通，C选项disrupted“妨碍
3、，扰乱（使维持正常状态有难度）”符合题意。因此C选项正确。3. 单选题It was a wonderful play with a _ of over fifty actors and actresses.问题1选项A.listB.groupC.bunchD.herd【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项a list of“一系列”；B选项a group of“一群（人）”；C选项a bunch of“一束；一堆”；D选项a herd of“一群（牛、鹿等）”。句意：这是一出精彩的话剧，由_超过五十名男女演员参演。根据语境，这里指的是一群人参演了话剧，B选项a group of“一
4、群（人）”符合题意。因此B选项正确。4. 单选题I never realized that someday would be married to a _.问题1选项A.moleculeB.oxygenC.geniusD.rug【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项molecule“分子”；B选项oxygen“氧气”；C选项genius“天才”；D选项rug“小地毯”。句意：我从没想过有一天会嫁给一个_。根据语境，横线处指的是人，C选项genius“天才”符合题意。因此C选项正确。5. 翻译题Parents of wailing babies, take comfort: You
5、are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents attention. Exactly why evolution has produced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are try
6、ing to answer.(1) Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. “It may point researchers in the right direction to find the causes of excessive crying,” said Joseph Soltis, a bioacoustics expert at Disneys Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. Soltis publ
7、ished an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences.Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their parents, and studies with mice, beetles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes.Some level of cr
8、ying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. (2) But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier children, since they would get more attention.Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals
9、 of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. (3) Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements.Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just t
10、ell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment.The babies of rhesus macaque monkeys cry out to their mothers and tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean (断奶) them. The mothers, i
11、n response, begin to ignore most of their babies distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms.“Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries,” said Dario Maestripieri, a primatologist at the University of Chicago, (4) “But as the cries increase, they respond less and less. They becom
12、e more skeptical. So infants start crying less. So they go through these cycles, adjusting their responses.”Kim Bard, a primatologist at the University of Plymouth in England, has spent more than a decade observing chimpanzee babies. “Chimps can cry for a long time if something terrible is happening
13、 to them, but when you pick them up, they stop,” Bard said. “Ive never seen any chimpanzees in the first three months of life be inconsolable.”Maestripieri and other researchers say these evolutionary forces may have also shaped the cries of human babies. “All primate infants cry,” Maestripieri said
14、. (5) “Its a very conserved behavior. Its not something humans have evolved on their own.”【答案】1. 有一天，也许这个答案会解开人类婴儿哭泣之谜。2. 但说到基因方面的原因，你可能会认为自然选择会倾向于吵闹的孩子的基因，因为他们会得到更多的关注。3. 因此，有的进化生物学家提出，自然选择会倾向于所谓的诚实宣传。4. 但随着叫声越来越多，母亲的反应也越来越少，因为她们开始怀疑哭声的真实性。所以婴儿的嗷叫随之变少。5. “这是一种非常保守的行为。这不是人类自己进化出来的。”6. 单选题Oceanograph
15、y has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea”.Before the nineteenth century scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay u
