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1、四六级翻译常用词汇段落翻译常用词汇中国历史与文化京剧 Peking opera秦腔 Qin opera功夫Kungfu太极Tai Chi孙子Sun Tzu象形文字 pic to graphic charac tersink stick,文房四宝(笔墨纸砚)the Four Treasures of the Study(brush，Ipaper， and ink stone)大学The Great Learning中庸The Doc trine of the MeanI口技 vent riloquism木偶戏 puppet show皮影戏 shadow playI折子戏 opera highli
2、gh ts杂技 acrobatics相声 witty dialogue comedyI刺绣 embroidery苏绣 Suzhou embroidery泥人 clay figure书法 calligraphy中国画 trad iti onal Chinese painting水墨画 Chinese brush pain ting中国结 Chinese knotChina中国古代四大发明 the four great inven tions of ancient 火药 gunpowder 印刷术prin ting造纸术 paper-making指南针 the compassI青铜器 bronze
3、 ware瓷器 porcelain; china唐三彩 t ri-color glazed pott ery of the Tang Dynas tyI景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术 martial artsI儒家思想 Confucianism儒家文化 Confucian culture道教Taoism墨家 Mohism 法家 Legalism 佛教 Buddhism孔子 Confucius孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu庄子 Chuang Tzu墨子Mo Tzu论语The Analects of Confucius孟子The Mencius孙子兵法The Art of
4、War三国演义Three Kingdoms 西游记Journey to the West 红楼梦Dream of the Red Mansions 水浒传Heroes of the Marshes山海经The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 资治通鉴History as a Mirror春秋The Spring and Autumn Annals史记Historical Records诗经The Book of Songs易经The 1 Ching; The Book of Changes礼记The Book of Rites三字经Three-character
5、 Scriptures 八股文 eight-par t essay 五言绝句 five-charac ter quat rain 七言律诗 seven-character octave 旗袍 cheongsam 中山装 Chinese tunic suit 唐装 Tang suit 风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen 阳历 Solar calendar 阴历 Lunar calendar 闰年 leap year 十二生肖zodiac 春节 the Spring Fes ti val 元宵节 the Lant ern Fes ti val 清明节 the Tomb-swee
6、ping Day 端午节 the Dragon-boa t Festi val 中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节 the Double-ninth Day 七夕节 the Double-seventh Day 春联 spring couple ts 庙会 t emple fair 爆竹 firecracker 年画(traditional) New Year pictures 压岁钱 New Year gift-money 舞龙 dragon dance 元宵 swee t sti cky rice dumplings 花灯 fes ti val lant ern 灯谜 l
7、antern riddle舞狮 lion dance 踩高跷 st ilt walking 赛龙舟 dragon boa t race 胡同hut ong 山东菜 Shandong cuisine 川菜 Sichuan cuisine 粤菜 Canton cuisine 扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine 月饼 moon cake 年糕 rice cake 油条 deep-fried dough sti cks 豆浆 soybean milk 馒头 st eamed buns 花卷 st eamed twisted rolls 包子 st eamed stu ffed buns 北京烤鸭
8、 Beijing roast duck 拉面 hand-s tret ched noodles 馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup) 豆腐 tofu; bean curd 麻花 fried dough twist 烧饼 clay oven rolls 皮蛋 lOO-year egg; century egg 蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg 糖葫芦 tomatoes on st icks 火锅hot pot 长城 the Great Wall of China 烽火台 beacon tower 秦始皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qi
9、nshihuang 兵马俑 Terraco tta Warriors and Horses 大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda 丝绸之路the Silk Road 敦煌莫高窟Mogao Gro tt oes 华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs 五台山 Wutai Mountain 九华山 Jiuhua Mount ain 峨眉山Mount Emei 泰山 Mount Tai黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mount ain 故宫 the Imperial Palace 天坛 the Temple of Heaven 午门 Meridia
10、n Gate 大运河 Grand Canal 护城河the Moat 回音壁Echo Wall居庸关 Juyongguan Pass九龙壁 the Nine Dragon WallI黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs 苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 西湖 West Lake 九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley 日月潭 Sun Moon Lake 布达拉宫Potala Palace 鼓楼 drum tower 四合院 quadrangle; cour tyard complexI孔庙 Confucius T
11、emple乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama转世灵童 reincarna ted soul boy中药 t rad itio nal Chinese medicine黄帝 内 经Emperor Huan咆dis Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine神农本草经Shennon咆s Herbal Classic本草纲目Compendium of Materia MedicaI针灸 acupuncture推拿 medical massage 切脉 feeli
12、ng the pulse 五禽戏 five-animal exercises 旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Age 新石器时代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age 母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan socie ty 封建的feudal 朝代 dynasty 秦朝 Qin Dynas ty 汉朝 Han Dynas ty 唐朝 Tang Dynas ty 宋朝 Song Dynas tyI元朝 Yuan Dynasty 明朝 Ming Dynas ty 清朝 Qing Dynas tyI秦始皇帝 EmperorQinshihuang; t
13、heFirs tEmperor of Qin皇太后 Empress Dowager汉高 祖刘邦 Liu Bang， Emperor Hangaozu， founder of the Han Dynasty 成吉思汗Genghis Khan春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi 皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch诸侯vassal皇妃 imperial concubine 丞相，宰相 prime minis ter太监 cour t eunuch少数民族
14、ethnic minori ty祭祀 offer sacrifices西域 the Wes tern Regions 战国 the Warring St ates 中华文明 Chinese civ il ization 文明的摇篮 cradle of civ il ization 秦始皇统一中国 unifica tion of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang鸦片战争the Opium War太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom戊戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898辛亥革命 the 1911 Revol
15、ution新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolu tion五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising918 事变 September 18th Incident长征 the Long March西安事变 Xian Incident南京大屠杀 Nanjing Massacre抗日战争 the War of Resis tance Against Japan毛泽东 Mao Tse-tong 孙中山 Sun Yat-sen 蒋介石 Chiang Kai-shek 国民党 Kuoming tang中华人民共和国 the Peoples Republic of China （PRC） 满族Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫 scholar-officials学者 scholar诗人poet政治家st atesman社会地位social st atus中国社会多元文化论 cultural pluralism文化适应 accu lturation社会保障 social securi ty班车 shu ttle bus搬迁户 a
