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1、英语“同词反义”现象及其翻译初探 “Enantiosemy” in English and Its E-C Translation目 录Abstract1摘要2Outline3提纲41. IntroductionXX2. Sources of Formation of “Enantiosemy”XX3. Classification of “Enantiosemy”XX 3.1 The Angle of Synchronic Linguistics XX 3.2 The Angle of Diachronic LinguisticsXX 3.3 Words with AppraisementX
2、X 4. Translation of “Enantiosemy”XX 4.1 DisambiguationXX 4.2 MaintenanceXX 4.3 TransformationXX 5. ConclusionXX Works CitedXX “Enantiosemy” in English and Its E-C TranslationAbstract: This paper firstly introduces the definition of “Enantiosemy” and elaborates the development of the phenomenon and t
3、he foreign studies. Next it proposes the causes of “Enantiosemy” according to the recent reseaches. By listing enough instances, it then classifies “Enantiosemy” into three kinds. It finally discusses some possible translation-tips in its E-C renderings.Key words: Enantiosemy; classify; E-C translat
4、ion英语“同词反义”现象及其翻译初探摘要: 本文首先引进了关于“同词反义”现象的概念，阐述了“同词反义”现象的发展进程以及一些国外已有研究。接着依据相关史料记载以及文献背景，提出“同词反义”现象的成因。根据材料，例证引述，将“同词反义”现象划分为三大类。最后讨论、提出了关于“同词反义”现象在英汉翻译中应秉持的一些要点及原则。关键词：同词反义；分类；英汉翻译 “Enantiosemy” in English and Its E-C Translation1. IntroductionTo begin with I will provide an example to commence my p
5、aper. “I saw a play yesterday. Its terrific! This sentence can be understood in two ways: the movie was excellent or it was terrible to see. Here, the key point which causes the distinctness is the word “terrific”, which contains two entirely opposite meanings. Also, therere an army of these words u
6、sed widely in peoples daily life. The words of this kind, in English linguistics, called “Enantiosemy”. It refers to a word which contains two opposite meanings. In English, linguists also gave the existence a name called “Enantiosemy” in English. Nowadays, according to牛津语言学词典(1997), it is defined a
7、s “A case of polysemy in which one sense is in some respect the opposite of another.”In order to reduce the frictions during the intercourse or translation between persons having dissimilar cultures, this paper will first discuss the sources of the formation of “Enantiosemy”, then examine the classi
8、fication of “Enantiosemy”, and finally explore the translation tips while facing such cases in daily life.2. Sources of Formation of “Enantiosemy”“Enantiosemy”, as a special linguistic phenomenon, is one of the notable formats in semantics. It is an exceptional form in the system of semantics, espec
9、ially in polysemy and ambivalent words. As the ancient Chinese people firstly studied Fanxun to be a subject, it might be the first and oldest name of “Enantiosemy”. It is a lingual phenomenon, truly exists in almost every language-system. The ancient Chinese people have already captured the fact an
10、d paid more attention on this aspect, which has its name of “Fanxun” in Chinese. But I doubted what the proper term for this phenomenon is, and made a call for other examples of this phenomenon in English, Chinese, and other languages. Additionally, I asked whether a phenomenon that can be rightfull
11、y classed with other regular forms of polysemy (metonymy, metaphor) and language change, or is it always a curious accident.Finally, I collected six established names for “auto-antonymy”, which christen by the former linguists: Dirk Geeraerts writes that the phenomenon “is known in the older traditi
12、on of historical semantics as antiphrasis or enantiosemy. Miriam Schlesinger and M. Lynne Murphy noted that such words are sometimes called “Janus Word”, after the two-faced Greek mythic figure; Larry Horn, renowned historian of negation, said the phenomenon had been dubbed “antilogy” by John Train
13、in his 1980 book “remarkable Words With Astonishing Origins” and “enantiodromia”, which was given from David Gamon, was offered for the diachronic process of acquiring an “opposite” meaning. All the information above I got was from Mr. Alex Eulenberg by email. In the first place, lets review some re
14、levant discovers related to the early period of “Enantiosemy”: St Isidore of Seville may well be the source of “lucus a non lucendo,” as Paul Werth suggests; Lepschy, in his book when taking comments on the ideas of Abels, described the coincidences of the words which were particularly frequent in t
15、he early stages of languages had already got its place during the long tradition in almost every language systems: to the medieval Jewish grammarians discussions on parallel phenomena in Hebrew, to Christian biblical scholars who at least since the 17th century examine cases of “enantiosemy” in the
16、Sacred, classical, and modern languages, Hebrew “berekh” means he blessed and he cursed; Greek “argos” means swift and slow; Latin “Altus” means high and deep; the German romantics, in the first part of the 19th century, meditated on opposite meanings, “aufheben”, Hegels comments on a key term in his logic, means both to eliminate and
