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1、2022年考博英语-浙江大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The party leader justified his subsequent re-election（ ）that he had brought political stability and economic development to his country.问题1选项A.in the wayB.by no meansC.on the groundsD.to the extent【答案】C【解析】in the way妨碍，挡道；by no means决不；on the grounds由于的原因，理由是；to
2、the extent到的程度。句意：这位党的领导人为他后来的连任辩护，理由是他为他的国家带来了政治稳定和经济发展。选项C符合句意。2. 单选题The United States has historically had higher rates of marriage than those of other industrialized countries. The current annual marriage （1 ） in the United States about 9 new marriages for every 1, 000 people is （2 ） higher than
3、 it is in other industrialized countries. However, marriage is （3 ） as widespread as it was several decades ago. （4 ） of American adults who are married（5 ） from 72 percent in 1970 to 60 percent in 2002. This does not mean that large numbers of people will remain unmarried（6 ） their lives. Throughou
4、t the 20th century, about 90 percent of Americans married at some（7 ） in their lives. Experts （8） that about the same proportion of todays young adults will eventually marry.The timing of marriage has varied （9 ） over the past century. In 1995 the average age of women in the United States at the tim
5、e of their first marriage was 25. The average age of men was about 27. Men and women in the United States marry for the first time an average of five years later than people did in the 1950s. （10） , young adults of the 1950s married younger than did any previous （11） inU. S. history. Todays later ag
6、e of marriage is（12） the age of marriage between 1890 and 1940. Moreover, a greater proportion of the population was married (95 percent) during the 1950s than at any time before （13）. Experts do not agree on why the marriage rush of the late 1940s and 1950s occurred, but most social scientists beli
7、eve it represented a （14） to the return of peace and prosperity after 15 years of severe economic （15） and war.问题1选项A.rateB.ratioC.percentageD.poll问题2选项A.potentiallyB.intentionallyC.randomlyD.substantially问题3选项A.not any longerB.no moreC.no longerD.not any more问题4选项A.A proportionB.The proportionC.The
8、 numberD.A number问题5选项A.declinedB.deterioratedC.deducedD.demolished问题6选项A.pastB.passingC.throughoutD.through问题7选项A.periodB.levelC.pointD.respect问题8选项A.projectB.planC.promiseD.propose问题9选项A.unexpectedlyB.irregularlyC.flexiblyD.consistently问题10选项A.BesidesB.HoweverC.WhereasD.Nevertheless问题11选项A.descend
9、antsB.ascendantsC.populationD.generation问题12选项A.according toB.in line withC.based onD.caused by问题13选项A.and afterB.or afterC.or sinceD.ever since问题14选项A.refusalB.realizationC.responseD.reality问题15选项A.repressionB.aggressionC.restrictionD.depression【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A第6题:C第7题:A第8题:A第9题:D第10题:
10、B第11题:D第12题:B第13题:B第14题:C第15题:D【解析】（1）名词词义辨析。根据破折号后面的内容可以推测，这里应为结婚率，选项A正确。ratio 比例；percentage百分数；poll 选举之投票，均不符合原文。（2）副词词义辨析。potentially 潜在地；intentionally故意地；randomly 随便地；substantially实质上，大体上。根据句意：美国目前的年结婚率大体上远高于其他工业化国家。选项D符合句意。（3）副词短语辨析。选项A和B一般放于修饰词后；选项C一般放于修饰词之前；选项D意为再也不。根据句意：然而，婚姻不再像几十年前那样普遍。选项C符
11、合原文。（4）考查冠词用法。根据下文百分比可排除选项C和D，而百分比是已知的，所以用定冠词the，选项B正确。（5）动词词义辨析和上下文语义。declined下降，衰退；deteriorated恶化的，变质的；deduced推理；demolished拆毁，破坏。根据下文“from 72 percent in 1970 to 60 percent.说明是呈下降趋势的，所以选项A符合原文。（6）介词词义辨析。throughout their lives为固定搭配，意为整个一生。（7）名词词义辨析。根据原文，这里指生活中的某一阶段，用period符合原文。（8）上下文语义。根据原文：专家预测，现在的
12、年轻人中最终结婚的比例也大致相同。project除了计划、工程的意思外，还有预测的意思。所以本题选A。（9）副词词义辨析和上下文语义。unexpectedly出乎意料地；irregularly 不规则地；flexibly柔软地；consistently持续地，不断地。句意：在过去的一个世纪里，结婚的时间一直在变化。选项D符合原文。（10）逻辑关系。根据前后句义可知，此处表转折。However和 Whereas都有然而的意思，但Whereas后面通常接整个句子，和句子间不用逗号隔开。Besides和Nevertheless 不符合原文。所以本题选B。（11）名词搭配。descendants 子孙
13、，后裔；ascendants优势，运道；population人口；previous generation意为上一代人，所以选项D符合原文。（12）介词词组辨析。according to按照；in line with与一致；based on基于；caused by由造成。句意：现在的晚婚年龄与1890年至1940年的结婚年龄是一致的。选项B符合原文。（13）固定搭配。at any time before or after为固定搭配，意为：在前后的任何时间。（14）词义辨析。refusal to拒绝，推却；realization为名词，意为实现；response to对做出回应；reality为名
14、词，意为现实。句意：大多数社会科学家认为，这是对和平回归的一种回应。选项C符合原文。（15）固定搭配。economic depression 为固定搭配，意为：经济萧条，符合上下文。所以本题选D。3. 单选题The two friends sat in a corner and（ ）away to each other about the weather.问题1选项A.talkedB.chattedC.mutteredD.whispered【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。mutter咕哝，喃喃自语；whisper低声说；chat away意为闲谈，其他选项均不能和away搭配使用。4. 翻译题与你的个人外表和自我态度一样，你做生意的方式也可以使客户产生良好的印象。当拜访客户时，很重要的一点是谈话开门见山。他并不会真的对你所谈论的天气情况，前一天晚 上的总统演说，或是星期天的橄榄球赛感兴趣。他也不会对你夸奖他的西装好看，和墙上的照片中他女儿的模样令人倾倒感兴趣。这样的闲聊是一种不真诚的表现形式，而且侵占了他的时间。我一直认为直截了当是最有效的，因此我向你保证任何一个商人都会因为你能这样做而对你尊重有加。正如外表决定了人的第一印象，外表也同样决定了产品、地点以
