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1、2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Please check the copy_the original before handing in.问题1选项A.withB.againstC.overD.A and B【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。check sth. against/with sth.表示“对照某物核对某物”，为固定搭配。根据the copy与the original可知此处表示“对照原件核对该复印件”，因此选D。句意：交上来之前请把复印件和原件核对一下。2. 翻译题Translate the following into Engl
2、ish.当我们不堪重负、沮丧、失落，或因为我们认为倒霉的事总是光临我们而处于消极状态时，将这些消极的思想转变为积极的至关重要。从一件积极的小事情开始，并且一整天就一直重复想着，你将进入一个更加积极的状态，这样练下去，很快你会发现你将改变你的观点，选择快乐的生活，而不在意周围那些琐事。【答案】When we are stressed, depressed, upset, or otherwise in a negative state of mind because we perceive that “bad things” keep happening to us, it is importa
3、nt to shift those negative thoughts to something positive. If you start with one small, positive thing and repeat it during the course of your day, you will begin to move into a more positive situation. With practice, you will find that over time, you will change your outlook and choose to be happy,
4、 irregardless of the events around you.3. 单选题This is one of the animals that can the color of their surroundings.问题1选项A.take upB.take inC.take onD.take to【答案】C【解析】词组题。A选项take up拿起，开始从事，占据；B选项take in吸收，理解，欺骗；C选项take on 承担，呈现，具有；D选项take to喜欢，走向，开始从事。句意：这种动物是那种可以随着环境的颜色而改变身体颜色的种类。因此，C项“呈现”符合题意。4. 单选题（）
5、, Shakespeare was also a prolific writer of sonnets.问题1选项A.Noting for his playsB.Notes of his plays,C.Famous playsD.Noted for his plays【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，逗号后是完整的句子，所以前半句中的动词需要变为非谓语形式，而note与主句主语Shakespeare之间是被动关系，因此，正确答案为D项。句意：看莎士比亚的作品可知，他也是一个多产的短诗作者。5. 单选题The director gave me his _that he wou
6、ld double my pay if I did my job well.问题1选项A.warrantB.obligationC.assuranceD.certainty【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项warrant“许可证，授权证”；B选项obligation“责任，义务”；C选项assurance“保证，担保”；D选项certainty“确实的事，必然的事”。句意：主任向我保证，如果我把工作做好，他会给我双倍的工资。6. 翻译题Translate the following into Chinese. Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-
7、US ZH-CN X-NONE 2. In 1899, the headof the U.S. Patent Office proposed that his office be closed, because everything that can be invented has already been invented. Then hegot on his horse and rode home!3. This senator was terrible to his staff, particularly his speechwriter. On one occasion, he cal
8、led the poor soul into his office on Fridayafternoon at five oclock and said, Heres a famous quote I want to usein my speech on Monday morning. But I need to know who said it. Find out bythen or youre fired.” One thing you need to know is that it happened in 1950s,when there was no such a thing call
9、ed Internet.4. The Chinese have a general characteristic, a remarkable skill inimitation, which is exercised not merely in daily life, but also in art.5. Learning the rules the MLA Handbook outlines will help you becomea writer whose work deserves serious consideration.【答案】1.初级和中级研究对于语言学习的科学知识同样重要。2
10、.1899年，美国专利局局长提议关闭他的办公室，因为所有可以发明的东西都已经发明了。然后他骑马回家了！3.这位参议员对他的职员很差，特别是对他的演讲稿撰写人。有一次，他在星期五下午五点把这个可怜的人叫进办公室，说：“这是我想在星期一上午的演讲中引用的一句名言。但我要知道是谁说的。不然你就被解雇了。”有一件事你需要知道，那就是它发生在20世纪50年代，当时没有一种叫做互联网的东西。4.中国人有一个普遍的特点，即在模仿上有一种非凡的技能，这个技能不仅在日常生活中运用，而且在艺术中也运用。5.学习MLA手册中所概括的规则将有助于你成为一个认真考虑自己作品的作家。7. 单选题I can never t
11、ouch lobster because Im（）to shellfish.e问题1选项A.sensitiveB.allergicC.infectedD.sensibl【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项sensitive adj.敏感的，易受伤害的；B选项allergic adj.对过敏的；C选项infected adj.被感染的；D选项sensible adj.明智的，明显的，通情达理的。句意：我不能接触龙虾，因为我对壳类动物过敏。根据句意，本题选择B项正确。8. 单选题Your analogy was not a good one because the two situatio
12、ns are not similar.问题1选项A.comparisonB.categorizationC.classificationD.cognition【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项comparison n.比较，对照；B选项categorization n.分类，分门别类，编目方法；C选项 classification n.等级，类别；D选项cognition n.认识，辨识，认识能力。根据句意可知A项符合题意。句意：你的类比不是一个好例子，因为这两种情况并不相同。9. 单选题Superconductors lose electrical resistance only_s
13、ubjected to intense cold.问题1选项A.throughB.whenC.asD.by【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句的省略。在表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等从句中，当从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，谓语含有动词be时，从句中的主语和谓语可以省略。从句可以还原为when superconductors are subjected to intense cold，因此选D。句意：超导体只有在严寒下才会失去电阻。10. 单选题A scientist does not accept statements which are not based on the most comple
14、te evidence available. Instead, he always checks, studies and makes experiments carefully and objectively to_them.问题1选项A.testifyB.verifyC.affirmD.assert【答案】B【解析】词义辨析 动词。A选项testify v.证明，作证，证实；B选项verify v.核实，查证；C选项affirm v.肯定，断言；D选项assert v.维护，坚持，断言。根据句意逻辑，B项正确。【试题答案】一个科学家不会接受不是基于完整论据论证的结论，事实上，他通常会检查、钻研、仔细客观地做实验，从而证实这些假设。11. 单选题More attention was
