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1、Cloud Computing & DatabasesHow databases can meet the demands of cloud computingbyMike Hogan, CEOScaleDB Inc.November 14, 2008IntroductionThe potential benefits of cloud computing are overwhelming. However, attaining these benefits requires that each aspect of the cloud platform support the key desi
2、gn principles of the cloud model. One of the core design principles is dynamic scalability, or the ability to provision and decommission servers on demand. Unfortunately, the majority of todays database servers are incapable of satisfying this requirement. This paper reviews the benefits of cloud co
3、mputing and then evaluates two database architecturesshared-disk and shared-nothingfor their compatibility with cloud computing.Cloud computing is the latest evolution of Internet-based computing. The Internet provided a common infrastructure for applications. Soon, static web pages began to add int
4、eractivity. This was followed by hosted applications like Hotmail. As these web applications added more user-configuration, they were renamed Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). Companies like S have led this wave.With a growing number of companies looking to get in on the SaaS opportunity, Amazon release
5、d Amazon Web Services (AWS) that enables companies to operate their own SaaS applications. In effect, Amazon hosted the LAMP stack, which they have since expanded to include Windows as well. Soon others followed suit. Then, large companies began to realize that they could create their own cloud plat
6、form for internal use, a sort of private cloud.So, just as the public Internet spawned private corporate intranets, cloud computing is now spawning private cloud platforms. Both public and private cloud platforms are looking to deliver the benefits of cloud computing to their customers. Whether your
7、s is a private or public cloud, the database is a critical part of that platform. Therefore it is imperative that your cloud database be compatible with cloud computing. In order to understand cloud computing requirements, we must first understand the benefits that drive these requirements.The share
8、d-disk database architecture is ideally suited to cloud computing. The shared-disk architecture requires fewer and lower-cost servers, it provides high-availability, it reduces maintenance costs by eliminating partitioning, and it delivers dynamic scalability.The Benefits of Cloud ComputingCloud com
9、puting is not a fad, it is driven by some tangible and very powerful benefits. Whether the cloud is provided as an internal corporate resource, as a service hosted by a third-party, or as a hybrid of these two models, there are some very real advantages to this model. These advantages derive from sp
10、ecialization and economies of scale:Specialization: There is a great deal of specialized knowledge required to set-up and operate systems to address security, scalability, platform maintenance (patches, updates), data maintenance (backups) and more. In a traditional model, each development effort ha
11、d to include this expertise on staff. Cloud computing enables these capabilities to be staffed by experts who are shared across many customers. Instead of hiring that one person who does a decent job across all of these elements, cloud computing entities can hire individuals with deep expertise in e
12、ach area, and then amortize this expense across a large number of customers. This degree of specialization enables a variety of benefits that are driving cloud computing.Economies of Scale: This is also a powerful driver for cloud computing. The ideal platform is very expensive to build. The servers
13、, networking equipment, data storage/backup, power, redundant high-speed connectivity, etc. can result in a huge start-up cost for a single product or project. Add to this the fact that most development efforts fail, and the economics simply dont make sense for investment of this level in each proje
14、ct. Cloud computing enjoys economies of scale, because that same investmentcan be amortized over a large number of projects. If one project fails, it can be replaced by a number of new projects that continue to amortize the initial investment.Economies of scale also apply to IT tasks. For example, l
15、et us use backup as an example of a standard IT task. In a standalone environment, an IT person might schedule and manage the backup process. In a cloud environment, backup is highly automated, whereby that same IT person can oversee simultaneous backups for hundreds or thousands of customers.Key Be
16、nefits of Cloud Computing: Lower costs: All resources, including expensive networking equipment, servers, IT personnel, etc. are shared, resulting in reduced costs, especially for small to mid-sized applications and prototypes. Shifting CapEx to OpEx: Cloud computing enables companies to shift money from
