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1、2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Physics is the present-day equivalent of （ ）used to be palled natural philosophy, fromwhich most of the present-day science arose.问题1选项A.thatB.allC.whichD.what【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。空格所在处的词是引导介词后的宾语从句，所以选项D符合题意。句意：物理学以前被称为是自然哲学的同等物，从中出现了如今大部分的科学。2. 单选题The girl was （ ）
2、a shop assistant; she is now a manager in a large department.问题1选项A.preliminarilyB.presumablyC.formallyD.formerly【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。Preliminarily “初步地”；presumably “大概，推测起来”；formally “正式地”；formerly “以前，原来”。句意：这个女孩之前是商店的助理，现在是一个大部门的经理。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题If a person talks about his weak points, his listener
3、is expected to say something in the way of （ ）.问题1选项A.persuasionB.remedyC.encouragementD.compromise【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。persuasion “说服”；remedy “补救办法”；encouragement “鼓励”；compromise “妥协”。句意：如果一个人提及到他的弱点，他的听众应该说一些鼓励他的话。选项C符合题意。4. 单选题Tom（ ） better than to ask Dick for help.问题1选项A.shall knowB.shouldnt knowC
4、.has knownD.should have known【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。should have “本该”，表示本应该做，实际上没做，用虚拟语气。句意：汤姆早就该知道不能去找迪克帮忙。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definition u
5、nknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either have science or you dont, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel t
6、otally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illumination piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment （启蒙运动）to be told by any of
7、 us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things w
8、orked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignoran
9、t, the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted.But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are pro
10、bably no questions we can think up that cant be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we cant think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be abl
11、e to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.1.According to the author, really good science（ ） .2.It can be inferred from the passage that scientists of the 18th century（ ） .3.Which of the following statements is NOT true of scientists in earlier time
12、s?4.What is the authors attitude towards science?5.The author believes that（ ） .问题1选项A.would surprise the brightest minds of the 18th century EnlightenmentB.will produce results which cannot be foreseenC.will help people to make the right choice in advanceD.will bring about disturbing results问题2选项A.
13、thought that they knew a great deal and could solve most problems of scienceB.were afraid of facing up to the realities of scientific researchC.knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know more about natureD.did more harm than good in promoting mans understanding of nature问题3选项A.They invented fal
14、se theories to explain things they didnt understand.B.They falsely claimed to know all about natureC.They did not believe in results from scientific observationD.They paid little attention to the problems they didnt understand.问题4选项A.He is depressed because of the ignorance of scientistsB.He is doub
15、tful because of the enormous difficulties confronting it.C.He is confident though he is aware of the enormous difficulties confronting it.D.He is delighted because of the illuminating scientific finding.问题5选项A.man can find solutions to whatever questions concerning nature he can think upB.man cannot solve all the problems he can think up because of the limits of human intellectC.sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature and answer themD.questions co
