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1、2022年考博英语-中国政法大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The most important environmental influence on fish is water temperature, for fish tend to take on the temperature of their surroundings.问题1选项A.assumeB.regulateC.avoidD.exceed【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。take on表示“呈现，具有”。A项assume“假定，采取”，B项regulate“调节，校准”，C项avoid“避免，消除”，D项ex
2、ceed“超过，胜过”。句意：水温是对于鱼来说最重要的环境影响因素，鱼一般倾向于调节自己的温度以使其与周围的温度相同。根据题意该题选B。2. 单选题The wallflower _ because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support.问题1选项A.so called isB.so is calledC.is so calledD.called is so【答案】C【解析】考查句子结构。根据句子可知这是一个主系表结构，句子中缺少系动词和表语。因此A项和B项错误；so called表示“所谓的”
3、，排除D项。句意：墙花之所以叫墙花，是因为其脆弱的枝干经常要靠墙壁或顺石崖生长，以便有所依附。因此C项正确。3. 单选题In the autumn, the northern mountains are ablaze with shades of red, yellow, and orange.问题1选项A.decoratedB.abloomC.radiantD.beautiful【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。ablaze表示“闪耀的，发光的”；A项decorated“装饰的，修饰的”，B项abloom“开花的”，C项radiant“发光的，辐射的”，D项beautiful“美丽的，出色的
4、”。句意：在秋天，北方的山上闪耀着深浅不同的红色、黄色和橙色。因此C项正确。4. 单选题Scarcely _ themselves in their scats in the theatre when the curtain went up.问题1选项A.have they settledB.did they settleC.had they settledD.do they settle【答案】C【解析】考查倒装句和时态。Scarcelywhen表示“一就”，当scarcely放于句首的时候，句子需要倒装。因为后面为过去式，空格处的意思是在升起帷幕之前，人们没有就座，应为过去完成时，只有C项
5、符合。句意：在剧院，他们一就座帷幕就升起来了。故正确答案为C。5. 单选题_, glasses can correct most sight defect in healthy eyes.问题1选项A.When well fittedB.Well fitted whenC.Well fitted ifD.If well fitted when【答案】A【解析】考查语法。When和if都可以表示连接从句表示假设，但不能同时使用，所以排除D项；般的语序是when/if+从句，而不是从句之后接连词，故排除B项和C项；注意题干，主语是glasses（眼镜），从句的主语也是一致的，所以从句的主语和被动语
6、态的be动词省略。句意：如果配戴得当，眼镜可以矫正健康眼睛的大部分视力缺陷。因此，该题正确答案为A。6. 单选题The most elaborate of all bird nests _, domed communal structure built by social weaverbirds.问题1选项A.largerB.is the largeC.the largeD.largely is【答案】B【解析】考查句子结构。根据句子可知这是一个主系表结构，句子中缺少系动词和后面的名词词组构成系表结构。A项和C项缺少系动词，D项作表语的名词structure前面缺少定冠词the。句意：所有鸟巢
7、中最精致的是群居织鸟建造的大型圆顶公共结构。因此只有B项正确。7. 翻译题An individual human existence should be like a riversmall at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, with
8、out any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man, who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the
9、thought of rest will not be unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.【答案】参考译文：一个人的存在应该像一条河流开始是涓涓细流，被限制在狭窄的河岸之间，然后热情奔放地冲过岩石，越过瀑布。渐渐地，河面变宽了，河岸也远去，河水流动得更加平静。最后，它没有间断地融入了
10、大海，而后便毫无痛苦地消失了自我。能够这样理解自己一生的老人，就不会因害怕死亡而痛苦，因为他所珍爱的一切都会继续存在下去。而且，随着精力的衰退，倦意的增加，长眠的想法并不是不受欢迎的。我希望死于尚能劳作之时，知道别人会继续我未竟的事业，一想到能做的事都做了，就感到满足。8. 填空题Direction: The following are some words and phrases, some of which are taken from the text that follows. Decide which word or phrase should go in each gap and
11、then write the letter in the space provided. Note that there are more words and phrase than gaps. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Standards of MeasurementIn early times measurements were made by comparing things with parts of (example). Early units of measurement included the distance from th
12、e elbow to the fingers, the width of the hand and the width of the fingers.Some of these human measurements are still used. For example, 66 based on the length of half the thumb. A foot was originally 67 of a mans foot. A mile was one thousand walking steps.These units were only 68 because their sta
13、ndardthe human bodywas not constant. Governments tried to 69 them by using rods of fixed lengths. But these rods still varied from 70 to country.During the French Revolution, scientists looked for a _71 which did not change. They chose the distance from the Equator to the North Pole, which is one qu
14、arter of the circumference of the Earth. One ten millionth of this was called 72 and became the basic unit of the metric system. Other metric 73 are based on it. For example, the centimeter is one hundredth of a meter. A gramthe unit of 74 is the mass of one cubic centimeter of water.A standard mete
15、r was marked on a platinum bar. The accuracy of 75 was checked by comparing them with this bar. Nowadays the meter is standardized by comparing it with another constantthe wavelength of a certain kind of light.66. _ 67. _ 68. _ 69. _ 70. _71. _ 72. _ 73. _ 74. _ 75. _【答案】66.J67.E68.K69.A70.L71.N72.I73.B74.M75.G【解析】66.考查上下文语义。第一句提到Some of these human measurements are sti
