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1、2022-2023年考博英语-哈尔滨工业大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题We continue to share with our remotest ancestors the most tangled and evasive attitudes about death despite the great distance we have come to understand some of the profound aspects of biology. We have as much distaste for talking about personal death as for
2、thinking about it, it is an indelicacy like talking in mixed company about venereal disease or abortion in the old days. Death on a grand scale does not bother us in the same special way: we can sit around a dinner table and discuss war, involving 60 million volatilized human deaths, as though we we
3、re talking about bad weather, we can watch abrupt bloody death every day, in color, on films and television, without blinking back a tear. It is when then numbers of dead are very small, and very close that we begin to think in scurrying circles. At the very center of the problem is the naked cold d
4、eadness of ones own self, the only reality in nature of which we can have absolute certainty, and it is unmentionable, unthinkable. We may be even less willing to face the issue at first hand than our predecessors because of a secret new hope that maybe it will go away. We like to think , hiding the
5、 thought, that with all the marvelous ways in which we seem now to lead nature around by the nose, perhaps we can avoid the central problem if we just become, next year, say, a bit smarter.1.According to the passage, we do better than our remotest ancestors because（ ） .2.When we talk at the dinner t
6、able about a war in which many people lost their lives, we are liable to show our（ ） .3.From the passage, we know that a person becomes upset about death when （ ）.4.According to passage, the only reality we know for sure is（ ） .5.The last sentence of the passage suggests people deceive themselves by
7、 the thought that（ ）问题1选项A.our attitude about death is more direct and scientificB.we have a deeper understanding of biologyC.we can calmly talk about deathD.we can talk freely at dinner table问题2选项A.indignationB.sympathyC.indifferenceD.superstition问题3选项A.he sees death on films and televisionB.he rea
8、lizes that man is powerless before natureC.he loses one of his relatives or intimate friendsD.he witnesses death on a grand scale问题4选项A.we are mortal beingsB.science enables us to prolong our livesC.we all share some inner apathy towards othersD.we are less evasive about death than our predecessors问
9、题5选项A.we are more intelligent than our ancestorsB.we can lead nature around by the noseC.we can become smart enough to put death offD.we can avoid war in the future【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:C第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.根据文章第一句We continue to share with our remotest ancestors the most tangled and evasive attitudes about
10、death despite the great distance we have come to understand some of the profound aspects of biology.我们继续与我们最遥远的祖先分享对死亡最纠结和逃避的态度，尽管我们已经了解了生物学的一些深刻方面。确定B选项 我们对生物学有更深的理解正确。A选项我们对死亡的态度更直接更科学、C选项我们可以平静地谈论死亡、D选项我们可以在饭桌前自由谈论不符合原文。2.根据这一句话we can sit around a dinner table and discuss war, involving 60 millio
11、n volatilized human deaths, as though we were talking about bad weather, we can watch abrupt bloody death every day, in color, on films and television, without blinking back a tear.我们可以围坐在餐桌旁讨论战争，涉及6000万人的死亡，就像我们在谈论恶劣的天气一样，我们可以每天在电影和电视上看到突然的血腥死亡，而且是彩色的，不眨一下眼泪。确定C选项冷漠，漠不关心正确。3.根据文章的then numbers of de
12、ad are very small大数量的死亡是很少的。 At the very center of the problem is the naked cold deadness of ones own self：核心的问题是某人会独自孤独地死去。由确定C选项他失去他的某位亲戚或亲密朋友符合题意。4.根据文章这一句话the only reality in nature of which we can have absolute certainty, and it is unmentionable, unthinkable：这是我们唯一可以肯定的客观事实，并且是难以启齿的， 不能想象的。确定A选
13、项我们都终有一死正确。B选项科学能延长我们的生命文章没有提及。C选项我们应当与他人分享自己内心的冷漠和D选项我们比我们的袓先更无法逃避死亡不符合题意。5.根据文章最后一句话We like to think , hiding the thought, that with all the marvelous ways in which we seem now to lead nature around by the nose, perhaps we can avoid the central problem if we just become, next year, say, a bit smar
14、ter.我们喜欢思考，隐藏思想。现在我们用 尽各种方法，似乎是我们牵着大自然的鼻子走。如果我们变得更聪明些，或许能够避免核心的问题。可以确定C选项我们足够聪明可以推迟死亡符合题意。2. 翻译题October 16th is World Food Day, a day of action against hunger. The date commemorates the founding in 1945 of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, or FAO. On this day, people around the w
15、orld come together to declare their commitment to eradicate hunger in our lifetime.Over the past decade or so, we have seen a great reduction of people living with hunger on a nearly daily basis. Back then, about one in six people went to bed hungry most nights. Now its about one in every nine.Nonetheless, that still leaves some 795,000 thousand chronically hungry people around the world. Of these, 60 percent are women, and this despite the fact that most small farmers living in the developing world are women. And when women go hungry, so, all too often, do children. About 161 million ki
