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1、2022年考博英语-西南大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题It is a commonplace among moralists that you cannot get happiness by pursuing it. This is only true if you pursue it（1）. Gamblers at Monte Carlo are pursuing money, and most of them lose it instead, but there are other ways of pursuing money, which often（2） . So
2、it is with happiness. If you pursue it（3） drink, you are forgetting the hang-over. Epicurus pursue it by living only in congenial society and eating only dry bread,（4） by a little cheese on feast days. His method proved successful in his case, but he was a valetudinarian, and most people would need
3、something more（5） . For most people the pursuit of happiness,（6） supplemented in various ways, is too abstract and theoretical to be（7） as a personal rule of life. But I think that（8） personal rule of life you may choose it should not, except in rare and heroic cases, be（9） with happiness.There are
4、a great many people who have all the（10） conditions of happiness, i.e. health and a sufficient income, and who,（11）, are profoundly unhappy. In such cases it would seem as if the（12） must lie with a wrong theory as to how to live. In one sense, we may say that any theory as to how to live is wrong.
5、We imagine ourselves more different from the animals than we are. Animals live on（13） , and are happy as long as external conditions are（14） .If you have a cat it will enjoy life if it has food and warmth and opportunities for an（15） night on the tiles. Your needs are more complex than those of your
6、 cat, but they still have their basis in instinct. In civilized societies, especially in English-speaking societies, this is too（16） to be forgotten. People proposed to themselves someone paramount objective and（17）all impulses that do not minister to it. A business man may be so（18） to grow rich th
7、at to this end he（19）health and private affections. When at last he has become rich, no（20）remains to him except harrying other people by exhortations to imitate this noble example.问题1选项A.eagerlyB.reasonablyC.reluctantlyD.unwisely问题2选项A.succeedB.enrichC.winD.defeat问题3选项A.at the expense ofB.by means
8、ofC.in need ofD.for fear of问题4选项A.compensatedB.supplementedC.accompaniedD.accumulated问题5选项A.prosperousB.rigorousC.vigorousD.gorgeous问题6选项A.evenB.thoughC.unlessD.if问题7选项A.extravagantB.deficientC.excessiveD.adequate问题8选项A.whateverB.wheneverC.howeverD.whosever问题9选项A.incomparableB.incompatibleC.incapabl
9、eD.incredible问题10选项A.spiritualB.materialC.economicalD.social问题11选项A.neverthelessB.thereforeC.otherwiseD.hence问题12选项A.flawB.errorC.defectD.fault问题13选项A.intelligenceB.imitationC.impulseD.impression问题14选项A.vulnerableB.conceivableC.endurableD.favorable问题15选项A.enthusiasticB.occasionalC.indifferentD.under
10、lying问题16选项A.abruptB.absurdC.acuteD.apt问题17选项A.hinderB.restrainC.refrainD.abolish问题18选项A.anxiousB.obviousC.suspiciousD.cautious问题19选项A.abandonsB.cherishesC.sacrificesD.reconciles问题20选项A.pleasureB.propertyC.wealthD.opportunities【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B第5题:C第6题:C第7题:D第8题:A第9题:B第10题:B第11题:A第12题:D第13题:C
11、第14题:D第15题:B第16题:D第17题:B第18题:A第19题:C第20题:A【解析】（1）考察副词词义辨析。eagerly “渴望地，热切地”；reasonably “合理地”；reluctantly “不情愿地”； unwisely “愚蠢地，不明智地”。空格处所在句子的句意是：这种情况只适用于你不明智地去追求它（幸福）。选项D符合题意。（2）考察动词词义辨析。Succeed “成功”；enrich “使丰富”；win “赢得”；defeat “打败”。空格处所在句子的句意是：蒙特卡洛的赌徒热衷于追求金钱，大部分人都输了，但是还有很多其他方法能够成功得到金钱。选项A符合题意。（3）考
12、察词组辨析。at the expense of “以为代价”， by means of “通过.方式”；in need of “需要”；for fear of “为避免”。空格处所在句子的句意是：如果你通过喝酒的方式来得到幸福，你会忘记宿醉。选项B符合题意。（4）考察动词词义辨析。Compensate “补偿”；supplement “补充，增补”；accompany “陪伴，伴随”；accumulate “积累”。空格处所在句子的大意是Epicurus每天只补充一点干面包，只有在节日里才会加点奶酪。选项B符合题意。（5）考察形容词词义辨析。Prosperous “兴旺的，繁荣的”；rigor
13、ous “严格的，严密的”；vigorous “有活力的”； gorgeous “华丽的，极好的”。空格处所在句子的大意是：Epicurus用他自己的方式得到了幸福，因为他体弱多病，大多数人身体健康，因而会选择一些更具有活力的事情来做。选项C符合题意。（6）考察连词的用法。空格处所在句子的大意是：对于大部分追求幸福的人来说，除非通过多种方式来达到这个目标，否则这件事就太抽象，太理论化，以至于不足以成为人们的生活准则。选项C “除非”符合题意。（7）考察形容词词义辨析。Extravagant “过度的，过分的”；deficient “不足的，有缺陷的”；excessive “过度的，过分的”；a
14、dequate “足够的”。空格处所在句子的句意参考上一题。选项D符合题意。（8）考察关系词的用法。空格处所在句子的句意是：但是我认为无论你选择什么样的准则，它不应该与幸福冲突，除了在极少数和英雄事迹中。选项A符合题意。（9）考察形容词词义辨析。Incomparable “无可比拟的”；incompatible “不相容的”；incapable “无能的”；incredible “不可思议的，难以置信的”。空格处所在句子的句意参考第58题。选项B符合题意。（10）考察形容词词义辨析。Spiritual “精神的”；material “物质的”；economical “经济的，节约的”；social “社会的”。空格处所在句子的句意是：很多人拥有充足的物质条件，比如健康和薪水，但是却一点都不幸福。选项B符合题意。（11）考察前后逻辑。从前后文可得知空格处后面的内容与前面的内容是一个转折关系，选项A符合题意。（12）考察名词词义辨析。四个词都有 “不好”的意思。空格处主要强调的是人性格上的弱点，fault符合题意。（13）考察固定搭配。
