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1、2022年考博英语-西北大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题The apartment has been （ ）sine Smiths moved out.问题1选项A.vacantB.versatileC.vacuumD.vain【答案】A【解析】vacant 空虚的，空缺的，空闲的；versatile多才多艺的，万能的；vacuum 真空的；vain 徒劳的，自负的。句意：自从Smith搬出去后，那套公寓一直空着。选项A符合句意。2. 单选题Americans feel that using someones words in a research paper with
2、out referencing them is tantamount to stealing.问题1选项A.necessaryB.unbelievableC.acceptableD.equivalent【答案】D【解析】句意：美国人认为，在研究论文中使用某人的话而不提及他们，就相当于是抄袭。tantamount意为“等于，相当于”。equivalent相等的，同意义的。选项D与之意思相近。3. 单选题（ ）as only a second-rate Impressionist painter, Pisarro has recently received high praise from art
3、 critics.问题1选项A.He was long regardedB.Long was he regardedC.Long regardedD.Being long regarded【答案】C【解析】考查分词做状语。再由这里事情的发生有先后顺序知使用一般 过去式的C项正确；D项的被动式现在分词表原因，所以不正确。句意：长期以来，Pisarro一直被认为是二流印象派画家，最近他受到了艺术评论家的高度赞扬。4. 单选题A series of rifle shots disturbed the （ ）of the camp grounds.问题1选项A.solidarityB.tranquil
4、ityC.equanimityD.propinquity【答案】B【解析】solidarity 团结；tranquility 宁静，平静；equanimity镇定；propinquity接近，邻近。句意：一连串的步枪射击打破了营地的宁静。选项B符合语境。5. 单选题His father read the newspaper at the kitchen table, all the while delivering （ ）on the politics of the day for the benefit of anyone within earshot.问题1选项A.complementsB
5、.remarksC.speechD.animadversions【答案】D【解析】complement 补语，补足物；remark言辞；speech演讲，讲话；animadversion 批评，评语。句意：他的父亲坐在餐桌旁看报纸，一直批判当今政治只对极少数人有利。选项D更符合语境。6. 单选题The lawyer browbeat the witness into confessing he had seen the crime committed.问题1选项A.talkedB.forcedC.caressedD.intimidated【答案】D【解析】句意：律师恫吓证人承认他目睹了犯罪。b
6、rowbeat意为恫吓，吓唬。只有选项D与之意思相近。7. 单选题Scientists should have choice as to what areas they explore, and certainly have the ethical right and obligations as （ ）to influence what use is made of their discoveries.问题1选项A.anthropologistsB.philanthropistsC.archaeologistsD.humanists【答案】D【解析】anthropologist 人类学家；p
7、hilanthropist 慈善家；archaeologist考古学家；humanist 人道主义者。句意：科学家应该选择他们所探索的领域，他们当然也有像人道主义者一样的道德权利和义务来影响他们的发现的用途。选项D符合语境。8. 单选题I think that I committed a （ ）in asking her because she seemed very upset by my question.问题1选项A.blunderB.revengeC.reproachD.scandal【答案】A【解析】blunder 大错，愚蠢的错误；revenge报复，复仇；reproach责备，耻
8、辱；scandal丑闻，流言蜚语。句意：我认为我在问她的时候犯了一个大错，因为她似乎被我的问题弄得很心烦。选项A符合语境。9. 单选题The town planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax （ ）.问题1选项A.efficiencyB.revenuesC.privilegesD.validity【答案】B【解析】efficiency效率，效能，功效；revenue税收收入，收益；privilege特权，优待
9、；validity有效性，正确性。句意：城市规划委员会表示，他们对明年的财政前景持乐观态度。他们期望税收收入增加。选项B符合句意。10. 单选题The chairman was asked to resign, （ ）totally unfit for his post.问题1选项A.having consideredB.consideringC.to be consideredD.being considered【答案】D【解析】分析句子可知，逗号前后没有连接词，所以逗号后面不能是完整的句子，这里是分词短语做状语，前后为因果关系，所以选项C目的状语可首先排除；再根据句意可知，这里表被动，所以
10、选项D正确。句意：主席被要求辞职，因为他被认为完全不适合这个职位。11. 单选题Opportunities for rewarding work become fewer for both men and women as they grew older. After age 40, job hunting becomes even more difficult. Many workers stay at jobs they are too old for rather than face possible rejection. Our youth-oriented, threw-away c
11、ulture sees little value in older people. In writer Lillian Hellmans words, they have the wisdom that comes with age that we cant make use of.”Unemployment and economic need for work is higher among older women, especially minorities, than among younger white women. A national council reports these
12、findings. Though unemployed longer when seeking work, older women job-hunt harder, hold a job longer with less absenteeism, perform as well or better, are more reliable, and are more willing go learn than men or younger women. Yet many older women earn poor pay and face a future of poverty in their
13、retirement years. When sexism meets ageism, poverty is no longer on the doorstep-it moves in, according to Tish Sommers, director of a special study on older women for the National Organization for Women. Yet a 1981 report on the White House Conference on Aging shows that as a group, older Americans
14、 are the wealthiest, best fed, best housed, healthiest, most self-reliant older population in our history. This statement is small comfort to those living below the poverty line, but it does explode some of the old traditional beliefs and fears.Opportunities for moving in and up in a large company m
15、ay shrink but many older people begin successful small businesses, volunteer in satisfying activities, and stay active for many years. They have few role models because in previous generations the life span was much shorter and expectations of life were fewer. They are ploughing new ground.Employers are beginning to recognize tha
