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1、2022年考博英语-中国农业科学院考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题This medicine will（ ）the pain in the stomach.问题1选项A.ascertainB.agitateC.alleviateD.allocate【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A项ascertain“确定，查明”，B项agitate“摇动，骚动”，C项alleviate“减轻，缓和”，D项allocate“分配”。句意：这种药会减轻胃痛。根据句意，该题选C正确。2. 翻译题1. Translate the following passage into Chinese.Wate
2、r is a limited natural resource and a public good fundamental for life and health. The human right to water is indispensable for leading a life in human dignity. It is a prerequisite for the realization of other human rights. The Committee has been confronted continually with the widespread denial o
3、f the right to water in developing as well as developed countries. Over 1 billion persons lack access to a basic water supply, while several billion do not have access to adequate sanitation, which is the primary cause of water contamination and diseases linked to water. The continuing contamination
4、, depletion and unequal distribution of water is exacerbating existing poverty. States have to adopt effective measures to realize, without discrimination, the right to water.【答案】参考译文：水是一种有限的自然资源，是人们生活和健康的公共基本物质。水的权力是人类尊严的生活所必不可少的，是实现其他所有人权的先决条件。委员会一直面临着发展中国家以及发达国家对水的权力的普遍反对。超过十亿人缺乏基本的水供给，而数十亿人没有适当的
5、卫生设施，而这是水污染和水有关的疾病的主要原因。持续的污染、损耗和水的分配不均加剧了目前的贫困状况。国家应该放下歧视，采取有效措施来实现水权。3. 翻译题2. Translate the following passage into English.和平与发展是当今世界的两大主题。维护世界和平，加强友好合作，促进共同发展是各国人民的共同愿望。当前，贫困、失业、难民、犯罪、人口膨胀、环境恶化、毒品泛滥、恐怖主义等问题仍然严峻，影响着全球的稳定与发展。中国与西方国家虽然国情不同，但在一系列重大国际问题上具有广泛一致的利益。我对中国同西方各国关系的改善与发展感到高兴。中国政府和人民愿在相互新生和平等
6、互利的基础上，同包括西方国家在内的世界各国政府和人民一道，为和平与发展的崇高事业做出贡献。【答案】参考译文：Peace and development are the two major themes in todays world. The maintenance of world peace, strengthening friendship and cooperation and promoting common development are the common aspiration of all peoples. At present, poverty, unemployment,
7、 refugees, crime, a population explosion, environmental degradation, drug trafficking, terrorism and other issues are still severe and affect global stability and development. Although China and western countries have different national conditions, both sides have broadly consistent interests in a s
8、eries of major international issues. I am delighted to see the improvement and development of the connection between China and west countries. The government and people of China would like to devote to the great peace and development on the basis of mutual trust and equality and mutual benefit with
9、all the people and all the governments including west countries.4. 单选题The course of scholastic preparation was arduous requiring the systematic passing of successive examinations. Success in the examinations resulted in the（ ）of academic degrees, which were treasured as the surest source of wealth a
10、nd power in China.问题1选项A.bestowalB.givingC.conferringD.offering【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项bestowal“赠与”；B选项giving“给予”；C选项conferring“文凭、学位的授予”；D选项offering“提供”。根据题干，提到学位被视为财富和成功的可靠来源，符合题干内容的只有C选项，学位作为一种文凭。句意：学业准备的过程是艰苦的，要求有系统地通过连续的考试。考试成功导致学术学位的，在中国这是宝贵的财富和权力的源泉。因此C选项正确。5. 不定项选择题Perhaps the real virtue of th
11、e UglyRipes “ugliness,” which is nothing compared with the deformed beauty of true heirloom tomatoes, is that it helps us see how strange the uniformity of regular winter tomatoes really is. For a backyard grower, taste is everything. But in commercial production, taste is an abstraction. It is what
12、s left after all the other criteria for a good commercial tomato have been met: disease resistance, regular shape, consistent ripening, the ability to withstand picking and packing and shipping, a long shelf life. Taste is too subjective, according to the Florida Tomato Committee, to judge tomatoes
13、by.The UglyRipe may be a better tomato. After all, its growers have selected for better taste, not perfect shape. But one thing that would certainly make the UglyRipe a better tomato is a different way of growing it. Santa Sweets produces organic UglyRipes, but they are few and hard to find. It now
14、grows its conventional tomatoes without using agricultural chemicals that carry reproductive risksbut it still uses methyl bromide, a powerful, ozone-depleting pesticide, to fumigate the soil in which conventional UglyRipes grow.Under the terms of the Montreal Protocol, the use of methyl bromide was
15、 supposed to be phased out completely by January 2005. But for the past few years, the Bush administration has claimed an exemption for “critical uses,” one of which is growing winter tomatoes in Florida. We used to consider it a luxury to eat fruits and vegetables out of season. But what we eat out
16、 of season has been machined to withstand the rigors of the supply chain and produced in ways that only our ignorance can sustain. The truth is that there is no luxury-nor critical usein it. Even an ugly, better-tasting winter tomato isnt worth the price.59. The word “machined” in the last paragraph means（ ）.60. The criteria for a good commercial t
