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1、从狄更斯的双城记透视人道主义Humanism Reflected in DickensA Tale of Two CitiesAbstract: Its well known that Charles Dickens was a great British critical realist writer in the 19th century, A Tale of Two Cities is a representative work of him. The novel with the background of French revolution, on the one hand, the
2、 author praised the courage of the revolutionary; on the other hand, Dickens shows his strong criticism on the excess of bloodshed and cruelty during the French Revolution. When the revolution evolved in the climax, the author changed his attitude to the revolutionaries, he criticized them as gangst
3、ers, gave them bad end. He felt that the old ways of oppression must be changed. Moreover, he portrayed some figures such as Docter Manette, Sydney Carton, they stood for spirit of humanism. In the novel, the author used writing skills such as contrasts, symbols to emphasize the theme. And the novel
4、 advocate only kindness and forgiveness can reduce hatred and change the distorted personality. Key words : humanism; revolution; kindness; contrasts; symbols 摘要：众所周知，查尔斯狄更斯是英国19世纪伟大的批判现实主义作家，双城记是他的一部代表作。小说以法国大革命为背景，一方面，作者赞扬革命者的勇气和正义感，另一方面，狄更斯又强烈抨击了革命的血腥与残酷。当革命进入高潮时，作者改变了他对革命者的态度，他批评他们是暴徒，并让他们以悲惨的结局
5、告终。他认为旧社会的压迫必须改变。更值得一提的是，他塑造了一些人物像曼内特医生、希尼卡尔登，他们代表着人道主义精神。在小说中，作者运用了对比、象征的写作手法突出了主题，并且认为只有善良和宽容才能消除仇恨和扭曲的心灵。关键词：人道主义; 革命; 善良; 对比; 象征ContentsI. Introduction.1 II. Humanism Reflected in Characters.2A. Lucie VS Madame Defarge.21. Lucie.22. Madame Defrage.3B. Darnay VS Marquis Evremonde.41. Darnay.42. M
6、arquis Evremonde.5C. Carton VS Dr. Manette.61. Carton.62. Dr. Manette.7III. Humanism Reflected in Authors Negative Attitude to Revolution7IV. Humanism Reflected from Symbols in Novel8V. Conclusion.9Works Cited10Humanism Reflected in DickensA Tale of Two CitiesI. IntroductionCharles Dickens was a typ
7、ical humanitarian, who expressed his humanism completely by his novels. His humanism focused and based on morality. He advised people to be merciful and humane, and he was a good supporter of humanitarian. For instance, in A Tale of Two Cities, he showed deep sympathy to the poor. On the other hand,
8、 he strongly crticized the feudal aristocrats behavior. And he also held a greatest esteem for the love of the human being. Dickens believed love was always more powerful than hatred. In his opinion, no matter the person was rich or poor, if his behavior accords with morality, it should be praised.
9、If not, then it should be criticized. Therefore, facing the contradiction between the aristocrats and the poor, Dickens firmly believed the contradiction could be solved by the great love of the human being. In short, the view of Dickens humanitarian could be summarized as thisbe humane and love eac
10、h other. “A Tale of Two Cities . was a sacrifice of all his greatest gifts; and in my opinion it shows that those gifts-of fantastic speech, of animistic description, of deeply absorbed symbolic overtones-are essential to the success of his action”.(Wilson 102) It is one of Dickenss most important r
11、epresentative works. The novel profoundly exposed the society contradiction before the French Revolution, intensely attacked the aristocratic social class, and sincerely sympathized with the oppressed classes. The novel also described many magnificent scenes like the resisting people attacked Bastil
12、le and so on, which displayed peoples great strength. The novel has portrayed many different people. Doctor Manette is honest and kind but suffers the persecution, Lucie is beautiful and gentle, Charles is graceful and noble, Lorry is upright and honest, Sydney is innermost feelings of warm, unconve
13、ntional but also selfless and lofty, Miss Pross is straightforward and loyal, Evremonde brothers are cruel and selfish. The complex hatred is hard to be solved, the cruel revenge produced more hatred, loves rebirth at the edge of hell, and make the person noble. As an outstanding writer, in Dickenss
14、 work, the language skill is essential. Each kind of rhetoric technique, like the exaggeration, the symbols, the humor, and the contrast is used in it. The novel, A Tale of Two Cities, is different from the common historical novel, its character and the main plot are all fictionalized. With the broad real background of the French Revolution, the author take the fictional character Doctor Manettes experience as the main clue, interweaving the unjust charge, love and revenge, the three independent but als
