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1、2022年考博英语-湘潭大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题Like waistlines in many prosperous countries, cell phones are going XXL and some of their owners are struggling to tuck them in.Jeremy Roche, 47 years old, owns a Samsung Galaxy Note II phone that is about 75% larger than the original Apple Inc. iPhone, and ro
2、ughly the size and heft of an extra-large Hersheys chocolate bar, with about an inch nibbled off the end. It “did feel weird” at first to hold his big phone to his head for calls, he says, but now he loves his ample screen.After years of evolution from brick-size monstrosities into slim pocket devic
3、es, cell phones are going in reverse. South Koreas Samsung Electronics Co. is credited or blamed 一 with bringing big phones back into the mainstream with devices like the original 5.3-inch Note, introduced outside the U.S. in late 2011.Some tech reviewers at the time derided the big phone as “silly”
4、，and “a phone designed for giants.” But sales boomed, and other makers have followed with still-bigger “phablets”, as techiesarc beginning to call thema cross between a phone and a tablet.Fares Fay ad, a 39-year-old consultant in Dubai, says he used to think a 3.5-inch cell phone screen was just rig
5、ht, until he tried the iPhone 5, which has a 4-inch screen. “I dont believe I can go back to the slightly smaller screen,” Mr. Fay ad says,Some ergonomics experts worry lame phones could pose an injury risk. “As the stretch to reach all areas of the screen increases, we might start to see more serio
6、us repetitive stress injuries - likely to the thumbs - in larger touch-screen devices”, says Anthony Andre, a professor of human factors and ergonomics at San Jose State University.【答案】就像许多富裕国家居民的腰围一样，如今手机的尺寸也在逐渐增大，一些手机用户在费尽心思想把它们塞进自己的兜里。在经历了多年来从砖头般的庞然大物向小巧口袋设备的演变后，如今手机又踏上了回头路。有的科技评论家当时曾讥讽这款巨型手机“傻傻的
7、”、“专为巨人设计”。但巨型手机的销量却实现了激增，其他手机生产商也纷纷跟风推出了越来越大的、 科技专家开始称之为“平板手机”的产品-手机和平板电脑的跨界组合。人类工程学的一些专家担心巨型手机可能会带来损伤的风险。由于触控全屏需增加拉伸的幅度，我们可能会开始看到越来越多由大型触屏电子设备引发的严重累积性 -创伤失调，例如对拇指的损害。2. 单选题Once Renaissance painters discovered how to（ ）volume and depth, they were able to replace the medieval convention of symbolic,
8、 two-dimensional space with the more illusion of actual space.问题1选项A.reverse.conventionalB.portray.abstractC.deny.concreteD.render.realistic【答案】D【解析】词义辨析题。第一个空的选项： reverse “颠倒，倒转”；portray “描绘，扮演”：deny “否认，拒绝给予”；render “提供，以回报，描绘，处理（绘画等的主题）”，第二个空的选项：conventional “传统的，习惯的”；abstract “抽象的”；concrete “具体的
9、，有形的”；realistic “现实的，实际的，实事求是的”，根据关键词“volume and depth” “symbolic”和句意 当文艺复兴的画家们发现如何描绘体积和深度之后，他们就能够使用更现实的实在空间感来取代中世纪的象征意味的、二维空间的绘画习惯了 确定D选项正确。3. 单选题Museum is a slippery word. It first meant (in Greek) anything consecrated to theMuses: a hill, a shrine, a garden, a festival or even a textbook. Both Pl
10、atos Academy and Aristotles Lyceum had a mouseion, a muses shrine Although the Creeks already collected detached works of art, many temples-notably that of Hera at Olympia before which the Olympic flame is still lit had collections of objects, some of which were works of art by well known masters, w
11、hile paintings and sculptures in the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its main purpose.The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbanded temples, as well as mineral specimens, exotic plants, animals; and they plundered sculptures and paintings (mostly Greek) for exhibition. Meanwhile,
12、the Greek word had slipped into Latin by transliteration (though not to signify picture galleries, which were called pinacothecae) and museum still more or less meant “Muses-shrine”.The inspirational-collections of precious and semi-precious objects were kept in larger churches and monasteries -whic
13、h focused on the gold-enshrined, bejeweled relics of saints and martyrs princes, and later merchants, had similar collections, which became the deposits of natural curiosities: large lumps of amber or coral, irregular pearls, unicorn horns, ostrich eggs, fossil bones and so on. They also included co
14、ins and gems-often antique engraved ones-as well as, increasingly, paintings and sculptures. As they multiplied and expanded, to supplement them, the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined.At the same time, visitors could admire the very grandest paintings and sculptures in the churches, pala
15、ces and castles; they were not collected either, but site-specific”，and were considered an integral part both of fabric of the buildings and of the way of life which went on inside them-and most of the building were public ones. However, during the revival of antiquity in the fifteenth century, frag
16、ments of antique sculpture were given higher status than the work of any contemporary so that displays of antiquities would inspire artists to imitation, or even better, to imitation, and so could be considered Muses-shrines in the former sense. The Medici garden near San Marco in Florence, The Belvedere and the Capital in Rome were the most famous of such early
