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1、形容词和副词的比较等级一、形容词和副词有三个等级：1原级。2比较级，表示“较”或“更 一些”的意思。3最高级，表示“最”的意思。二、形容词、副词比较等级的构成：（一）、规则变化： 一般直接在形容词或副词后加-er或-est,如： small - smaller - smallest long-longer-longest 以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加-r或-st，如 :large larger largestnice-nicer-nicest 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写该辅音字母，再加 -er 或-est。 big biggerbiggest hot- hotte
2、r-hottest 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词和副词，把“y”变“i”，再加-er或-estbusy-busier-busiesthappy-happier-happiest 部分双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加 more 和 most 构成比较级和最 高级，如：slowly - more slowly - most slowly difficult-more difficult-most difficult beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful（二）、不规则的变化：good / well-better-best many/much-more-most
3、 bad / ill / badly -worse-worstlittle-less-leastfar - farther / further - farthest/ furthest old- older/ elder- oldest/ eldest三、形容词、副词原级的用法1. 修饰形容词副词原级的常见的词有： very, so, too, enough, quite 等。2. 常用句型：（1）“甲+ be 动词+ as +形容词原级+ as + 乙” “甲+ 行为动词+ as +副词原级+ as + 乙”表示甲乙两者在某一方面程度相等。Im as tall as you.He runs
4、as fast as you.（2）“甲+ be+not+ as/so +形容词原级+ as + 乙”甲+ dont/doesnt+行为动词原形+ as/so + 副词原级+ as +乙” 表示甲不如乙Im not as/so tall as you . He doesnt run as/so fast as you.This book isnt as/so interesting as that one.（3）“甲+谓语动词+less +形/副原级+than +乙”表示甲不如乙This book is less interesting than that one.Tom writes les
5、s carefully than Jim.四、形容词、副词比较级的用法：1. 表示两者进行比较就用比较级，修饰形容词副词比较级的常见的词有： a little, a bit, a lot, still, no, any, much, even , far 等。2. 比较级常用句型：(1)“甲+ be + 形容词比较级+ than+ 乙”“甲+ 行为动词 + 副词比较级+ than+ 乙”表示甲比乙注意：than后面接代词时，一般要用主格形式，但在口语中也可使用宾格 形式。 如：My brother is taller than I / me.Lilys room is bigger than
6、mine.Tom writes more carefully than Jim.(2) 甲+谓语动词+比较级+ than+ any other+单数名词+ (介词短语)表示甲比其他任何一个都Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.Tom writes more carefully than any other sudent in his class.(3) “甲+谓语动词+ the + 比较级+ of the two + 其他”表示 “甲是两者中较的”。Lucy is the taller of the two girls.(4) “比较
7、级+and +比较级” “more and more +多音节形容词/副词” 表示“越来越”Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.(5) “the + 比较级, the + 比较级” 表示“越就越”The more we get together, the happier we will be. 我们聚会得越多，我们就越高 兴。The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.(6) Wh
8、o/ Which + 谓语动词+ 比较级， 甲 or 乙？表示两者之间进行选择“哪Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?Which sweater is more beautiful , the yellow one or the pink one? Who draws better ,Tom or Jim?五、最高级的用法：1. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级。形容词的最高级要加定 冠词 the , 副词最高级前的 the 可有可无。注意：当形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，不再加 the.2. 最高级主要句型有: 甲+be
9、动词+the + adj最高级(+名词单数)+of/ in短语 甲+行为动词+( the )+adv.最高级+of/ in短语“甲在某一范围或某一群体中最”a. in表示“在内(指某范围内)”可以跟表示单位,组织，时间等单数名词.He is the tallest boy in his class.He runs (the) fastest in his class.b. of表示属性(指在同类的人,物中)后可接：the +基数词the +基数词+名 词复数 all +the +复数名词 alleg. Jim works hardest of us all.Jim works hardest
10、of the three (students)Tom gets up earliest of all the students.My mother is the busiest in my family（2 ） 甲+be+ the +序数词+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语“是第.最 的”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China甲+谓语动词+one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数+of/in短语“是最.之 一”eg Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China 上海是中
11、国最大的城市之一。 特殊疑问词+谓语动词+the+形/副最高级，A,B or C?“在A,B,C中，最?”which book do you like best, A, B or C?Who has the most books, Li Lei ,Jim or Tom?六、使用比较级和最高级的几个注意点 比较应在同类事物中进行His bag is bigger than me （误）His bag is bigger than mine （正） 避免双重比较即：构成比较级时不能既加词尾-er，又在其前加more。 他的英语比我的英语好多了。误： His English is more bett
12、er than mine 正： His English is much better than mine 比较级和最高级前的修饰语不可误用.若加强比较级的语气，其前通常可用far, even, still, a bit, any, no, much等修饰, 注意不要按汉语意思用very, fairly等修饰比较级。如： 他比你强壮得多。误： He is very stronger than you 正： He is much stronger than you 最高级后的介词 in 与 ofa. in表示“在内（指某范围内）”可以跟表示单位,组织，时间等单数名词.bof表示属性（指在同类的人,
13、物中）后可接the +基数词/ the +基数词+名 词复数/ all +the +复数名词/all 形容词的最高级前要用the，但是当形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词， 名词所有格修饰时，不再加 the 比较级前不加the但当特指两者中“较（更）”时，比较级前通常要带定冠词 theMary was the more beautiful of the two.玛丽是这两个人当中较美丽的。 This dictionary is the more useful of the two.在这两本词典中，这本更有用。 针对练习：改错：1 His computer is cheaper than I2
14、Mary is very younger than her brother3 Shanghai is bigger than any city in China4 Tom is taller of the two brothers5This is my the best friend6Today is happiest day of my life七、比较句型的转换：1“not so/asas”与“比较级+than”的转换eg:He is not as/so old as I = I am older than he=He is younger than me 他年龄没有我大。Tom does
15、nt draw so/as well as Jim.=Jim draws better than Tom.=Tom draws worse than Jim. 汤姆绘画没有吉姆好2. “more .than” 与“less. than ” 的转换I think art is less popular than music.=I think music is more popular than art. 我认为音乐比美术更流行。Computers are more useful than TV sets.=TV sets are less useful than computers. 电脑比电视有用。3. 比较级和最高级的转换：Bill is the tallest student in his class.=Bill is the taller than the other students
