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1、2022年考博英语-华东政法大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题I would rather _ trouble and hardship like that than _ by others.问题1选项A.had.take care ofB.have.taken care ofC.had.taken care ofD.have.be taken care of【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。根据固定搭配would rather do sth. than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”可知空格处要填入原型，排除A，B， C选项。句意：我宁愿有困难，也不愿被别人照顾。因
2、此D选项正确。2. 单选题We should be judged by the quality of our products and the value investors _ from them.问题1选项A.derideB.deriveC.eludeD.evade【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项deride“嘲笑；嘲弄”；B选项derive“源于；得自；获得”；C选项elude“（尤指机智地，巧妙地）避开，逃避，躲避；使无法得到；使无法达到；使不记得；使不理解”；D选项evade“逃避；规避；逃脱”。句意：我们应该根据我们产品的质量和投资者从中_的价值来判断。本句表达“投资者从中获
3、得的价值”，因此B选项正确。3. 单选题In spite _ they worked day and night on the project, they failed to find out the mechanism of the disease.问题1选项A.thatB.the fact thatC.of the fact thatD.of what【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配和从句。in spite通常和of搭配，表示“尽管；不管，不顾”，排除A选项，B选项；D选项代入到原文后，what they worked day and night on the project，无法得知他们夜
4、以继日地为这个项目工作的具体内容到底是什么，they worked day and night on the project应是一个既定事实，句意：尽管他们夜以继日地致力于这个项目，他们还是没能找出这种疾病的发病机制。因此C选项符合题意。4. 单选题Interest on short-term government debt soared to an almost unimaginable 210%, which _ a total collapse of investor confidence.问题1选项A.amounts toB.equals toC.is added up toD.rea
5、ches to【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项amounts to“相当于，总计为”；B选项equals to“等于；胜任”；C选项is added up to“加起来等于”；D选项reaches to“达到；及于”。句意：短期政府债券的利息飙升至几乎难以想象的210%，这_投资者信心的彻底崩溃。本句表达“这件事达到了让投资者信心的彻底崩溃的程度，或者说这使得投资者信心的彻底崩溃”。因此D选项正确。5. 单选题The No. 1 domestic _ of the government is to clean up the environment.问题1选项A.commissionB.c
6、ommitteeC.committenceD.commitment【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项commission“委员会；佣金；服务费；犯；委任；委任状”；B选项committee“委员会”；C选项committence“错误单词”；D选项commitment“承诺，保证；委托；承担义务；献身；花费金钱、时间、人力等”。句意：政府的首要国内_是清理环境。本句表达“首要国内承诺”，因此D选项正确。6. 单选题One difficulty _ the components of economic movements lies in the fact that those compone
7、nts are not completely independent of one another.问题1选项A.of isolationB.in isolatingC.will isolateD.to isolate【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。One difficulty为主语，lies in谓语，the fact宾语，that引导同位语从句，_the components of economic movements为定语修饰主语。本句已经有谓语动词，则C选项错误，C选项代入句子中会在一个句子内出现两个谓语，导致句子结构错误；difficulty后常接“in+ v -ing”作定语，i
8、n有时可省去，不用动词不定式，则排除A， D选项。句意：孤立经济运动的各个组成部分的一个困难在于，这些组成部分并不是完全相互独立的。因此B选项正确。7. 单选题II. Legal HistoryBefore the upheavals of the late 11th and early 12th centuries, the peoples of Europe were organized politically in a loose, complex, and overlapping structure of (1) local units, (2) lordship units, (3)
9、 tribal (clan) units, (4) large territorial units such as duchies or principalities, which might include a number of tribes (clans), and (5) kingdoms, of which the Frankish kingdom, from the year 800, was called an umpire. The kingdoms were conceived not as territorial units but primarily as the com
10、munity of the Christian people under a king (emperor), who was considered to be Christs deputy and supreme head of the church as well as of the nobility, the clans, and the army. The church itself was not conceived as a political unit but primarily as a spiritual community led ultimately by the king
11、 or emperor and intermediately by bishops, of whom the Bishop of Rome was by tradition the most important.Within this general classification, there were very wide differences from locality to locality, lordship unit to lordship unit, tribal unit to tribal unit, and so on. The economy of Europe befor
12、e the 11th century was largely local and agrarian. There was very little intercommunication; apart from monks and some others of the clergy and a small number of merchants, and except for military campaigns, only the higher nobility and kings travelled. There were practically no permanent representa
13、tives of the central authorities in the localities. Efforts to place them were generally frustrated. Not only power but also culture was widely dispersed. The customs of one place might differ substantially from the customs of another place fifty miles away.Nevertheless, the political organization o
14、f the peoples of Europe in the period from 6th to the 11th centuries reveals a common pattern of development.The smallest local political units were generally called villae ( “villages” or “vills” ); these were grouped into centenarii ( “hundreds” ), which were grouped, in turn, into comitatus ( “co
15、unties” ). These local units first came into being when the wandering tribes from western Asia, having swallowed up what was left of the Roman Empire in the West, finally settled down in the 4th, 5th and 6th centuries.The second type of unit, lordship units, came into being soon thereafter. Their number increased as settlers “commended themselves” to leading personages among them and promised to render services in tern for food and clothing as well as for protection against enemies.55. Which of the follow
