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1、初中英语总复习知识点归纳冠词a/an的用法a用于辅音音素前ausefulbook,auniversity,a“u”Onceaweekhaveaswim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/resthaveacold/headache/fever/coughhaveagoodtimehaveatryinahurryafterawhilekeepadiarygoforawalkinaminuteinawordinashortwhilean则用于元音音素前anhour,anhonestboy,an“AEFHILMNORSX”keepaneyeon定冠词the的用法：1）特指双方都明
2、白的人或物：Givemethebook.2）上文提到过的人或事：-Doyouknowtheladyinblue?Yes,sheisateacherofauniversity.3）指世上独一物二的事物thesun(sky/moon/earth/world/nature/universe)4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：thedollar美元;Thelionisawildanimal.或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：therich/poor/blind/aged/living/impossible5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very,same等前面：Iliveonthese
3、condfloor.6）用在表示身体部位的名词前：Shecaughtmebythearm.7）用在表示乐器和表方位的名词之前：SheplaysthepianoviolinguitarinthenorthofChina8）用在普通名词构成专有名词前：thePeoplesRepublicofChinatheUnitedStatestheGreatWalltheSummerPalace9)用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：theGreensareplayingthepiano.10)intheday,inthemorning(afternoon，evening),inthemiddle(of),i
4、ntheend,allthetimeatthesametimeonthewhole,bytheway,gotothecinemaatheageofsixatthebeginningofthetwenty-firstcenturyontheothersideofatthemomentthedayaftertomorrowthedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning,inthesky(water，field，country)inthedark,intherain,不用定冠词的情况1)国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：China,Europe欧洲LeiFeng雷锋2）物质名词和
5、抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败乃成功之母。3）在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；ChildrensDayMothersDayFathersDay4）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词；Heiscaptainoftheteam.5）在三餐、四季，球类运动、学科、娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词如：havebreakfast/supper/lunch，playbasketball/football/volleyball/chess,inspring/summer/au
6、tumn/winter6）当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；bybus/train/taxi/bus/ship7）DayandnightfacetofacesidebysidestepbystepwatchTVatschool/work/homeatfirst/lastindangerintroubleonfootondutyonwatchinbedontimeintimegotoschoolgotoworkbytaxi/bikeatnoonatnightonTVattown部分词组有无冠词的区别inhospital生病住院inthehospital在医院里infront
7、of在-的前面inthefrontof在-内部的前面gotoschool上学gototheschool到学校去anumberof=alotof许多，谓语动词用复数。Thenumberof-的数目，-的总数，谓语动词用单数（第三人称单数）名词：专有名词和普通名词（个体名词、集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词）可数名词的单数变复数一般情况加s以s,xshch,等结尾的词加-esbus-buseswatch-watches以o结尾的名词，无生命的加s，如：photo-photospiano-pianos有生命的es，如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoes均可，如：zero-zer
8、os/zeroes以f或fe结尾的名词，去f,fe加ves，如：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-livesthief-thieves（加s，如：belief-beliefsroof-roofssafe-safesgulf-gulfs；）以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i，再加esbaby-babies不规则：a.单复数形式一样。Sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese.People,police,scissors,trousersb.其他的。footfeettooth-teethchildchi
9、ldrenmouse-miceman-menwoman-womenbusinessman-businessmenGerman-Germanswomendoctors集体名词:People,police,(一般表示一个整体，谓用复数)class,family,glasses不可数名词：常见的不可数名词有：information,news,room（空间），work,work,weather,advice,bread,food,milk,tea,ice,glasses,meatAlittle,abitof,some,much,alotof,quitealotof常修饰不可数名词.不可数名词作主语，
10、谓语动词用单数。如果用and连接两个不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Timeandmoneyare-AcupglassbottleboxkilogroupcrowdclasspairofTwoandahalfkilosof=twokilosandahalfof名词所有格在英语中有些名词可以加s来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：ateachersbook。名词所有格的规则如下：1）单数名词词尾加s，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加s，如theboysbag，mensroomChildrensDayMothersDayFathersDay2）若名词已有复数词尾-s，只加，如：TeachersDayladiesroomtwentyminuteswalk3）凡不能加s的名词，都可以用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系，如：thetitleofthesong歌的名字;Apictureoffamily;amapofChina4）在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：thebarbers理发店。be
