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1、中考英语语法讲解资料及练习第17讲 There be句型与中考试题 There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地（或某时）有某人（或某物）”，其形式为“Therebe代词或名词（短语）地点时间状语”。这里there是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词（短语）是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be（或其否定式）there”构成。例如： 1There is a desk and two chairs in the room（紧挨着be动词的主语是a desk，是单数，故be的形式要用is） 2There
2、 arent two chairs and a desk in the room（否定句） 3Is there anything wrong with your ears？（Yes，there isNo，there isnt） 4There wasnt a meeting yesterday，was there？（反意疑问句） 除此之外，还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事”，要用“There be sbdoing sth地点时间状语”。例如： There are several children swimming in the river河里有几个孩子在游泳。 There be 结构中常见的时态
3、有如下几种情况： 通过上表可知：各种时态的变化是通过 be动词的变化来体现的。至于你提到的两个句子我们先不考虑对错，首要的问题是弄清楚There be与have所表示的意义。There be句型表示“存在”关系，have表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如，要说“明天有一个班会。”（1）There will have a class meeting tomorrow（）（2）There is going towill be a class meeting tomorrow（）有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时两种都可以用。例如：Class Three have a map of
4、China on the wall（“地图”为三班学生所有）There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three（“地图”存在于三班）由此看来，There will have是错误的。 复习There be句型时除了掌握基础知识外，还应注意以下问题： 1There be句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的，即主谓的一致性。例如： （1）There is _ on the floor （2）There are _ on the floor 选项：Acat Bwater Cboxes Dfootball解析：（1）由is可知主语应是可数
5、名词单数或不可数名词，而A、D项中都缺少冠词a，故选B，同理可知（2）应选C。 2如果作主语的是一个短语，则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any，som e，few，a few，m any或用数词 hundredthousandmillion，hundreds thousandsmillions of，no等修饰；不可数名词可以受any，some，no，little，a little，much等词的修饰。例如： （1）There were _ students in our school Ahundreds Beight hundred Ceight hundreds of
6、 （2）There is _ waterYou neednt get some more Afew Blittle Cmuch 解析：（1）由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B，（2）由water可知排除A项，再由后一句意思便知选C。 3注意不定代词的用法。 （1）不定代词在句中作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge（2）不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词的前面。例如：There is something interesting in todays newspaper 4There be句型的反意疑问句，要注意陈述部分的形式。 如果陈述部分含
7、有little，few，no，nobody，none等否定词时，后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？ 但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看作肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isnt there？ 5要注意句子前后意思的一致性。 有的句子单独看其意义时，可能不止一个选项适合于它，但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如：（1）There is _ foodYou neednt buy any（2） There is _ foodYou hav
8、e to buy some（Aany Bsome Cno）从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no，但与后面的句意结合看，答案则是唯一的：（1）B，（2）C。 There be句型命题趋向有两个方面：一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型，即“There be sbdoing sth地点时间状语”。 下面是一些英语中考试题原题: 1There are _ days in a week Athe seven Bseventh Cthe seventh Dseve
9、n 2There are few _ in the fridgeLets go and buy som e peas，carrots and cabbages Avegetables Bfruit Cmeat Deggs 3Look！There are some _ on the floor Achild Bwater Cboxes Dgirl 4There were two _ people at yesterdays meeting Ahundreds Bhundreds of Chundred 5The letter from my uncle was shortThere wasnt
10、_ news Amany Ba few Cmuch Dfew 6Oh，there isnt enough _ for us in the lift It doesnt matter，lets wait for the next Aground Bfloor Cplace Droom 7There _ an English Evening next Tuesday Awas Bwill be Cwill have Dare going to be 8There _ a football gam e in our school Ahas Bwill have Cwill be 9There is
11、going to _ a report _ Chinese history in our school this evening Ahave；on Bbe；on Chave；for Dbe；of 10There is _ food hereWell have to buy some Aany Bsome Cno 11There is _ in the bagIts em pty Anothing Bsomething Canything Dsomebody 12There is _ knocking at the doorGo and see who it is Anobody Bsomebo
12、dy Canybody Deverybody 13Is there _ wrong with me， doctor？ Im afraid soYour heart is beating a bit too slow Asomething Banything Ceverything Dnothing 14There is _ interesting on this channelTry others Anothing Bnone Canything Dno 15There is _ interesting in the film，so _ is interested in it Asomethi
13、ng；nobody Bnothing；somebody Canything；anybody Dnothing；nobody 16There is _ in todays newspaper Anothing new Banything new Cnew anything Dnew something 17There is _ in todays newspaper Anew anything Bnew something Canything new Dsomething new 18There will be a volleyball match in our school， _ ？ Abe
14、there Bis there Cwill there Dwont there 19There is little water in the bottle（改为反意疑问句） There is little water in the bottle， _ _ ？ 20There is som ething unusual on the island（改为反意疑问句） There is som ething unusual on the island， _ _ ？ Key: There be句型与中考试题 15 D A C C C 610 D B C B C 1115 A B B A D 1618 A D D 19is there 20isnt there
