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1、学习好资料欢迎下载7.当关系词在从句中充当主语时，可以省略，后面的动词发生形式变化一一定语从句省略主动语态时，动词变成-ING形式被动语态时，动词保留过去分词形式而从句不发生任何形式的改变。1.关系词充当从句的宾语的时候，可以直接省略，I know the girl who comes from BJ. This is the right book that you arelooking for. = This is the right book you arelooking for.I often like reading short novels which were written by
2、 Hemingway.关系词充当从句的主语时，如果谓语结构为实词，将关系代词进行省略，而从 2.I often like reading short novels written by Hemingway. 句中的实词要发生形式的改变。如果原本从句是一个主动语态，可以将动词直I raise a dog which is named KING.可以直接保留过去分词。如果原本谓语动词是一个被动语态，接变成ing形式。* I raise a dog named KING. Fruit that containsVC can relieve a cold.=Fruit containing VC ca
3、n relieve a如 cold.I believe the candidate who made the speech in the assembly yesterday is sure动词同时省略， 将后面的名词和名词，这时，可以将 bebe+3.如果谓语结构为 to win the support.I know Lucy who is the leader of 前面从句所修饰的名词构成同位语结构。如 *I believe the candidate making the speech in the assembly yesterday is sure the team.= I kno
4、w Lucy, the leader of the team. to win the support.或者是不加任何关后面的关系代词可以是that, in which3.先行t为the way, 4.系代词。如：I like the way you talk.I know the boy who was praised by the teacher.,直接用于介词后作宾 thatwhich 不能换成 5.直 接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which,则用作宾语的语的关系代词whom不能成who o但若介词用于句末，The book which is related to the developm
5、ent has been published recently. that,who 也可换成whom6.They lived in a house facing the south.）关系代词充当介词的（II（ I ）1 （） which用于下列情况：如果引导的是非限定性定语从句；=They lived in a house which faced the south.先宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前that用于下列情况：（I）2先行词本身是 （III） that 等。（）；all, any, every, all, everything, anything, nothing, little,
6、much） 先行词被等不定代词； （II 行词 是）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是等词修饰；（IIIno, little, much, someThe workers working inthe factory are well -paid.）先行词中既有人也（序数词；IV （V修饰；正是、恰是）先行词被the only, the very（）,the last= The workers who work in the factory are well -paid.the的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句等。或在 VI有物；（）whichwho另外需要注意：先行词是=The worke
7、rs who are working in the factory are well -paid.。which,或省略，若用thatway,并在定语从句充当状语时，关系代词用其前加介词inThe tie worn by our head was made in Shanghai.This was the house in which they lived last year凝问：=The tie which is worn by our head was made in Shanghai.是否存在这种方式并正确一一This was the house that they lived in la
8、st year.The book written by Wang sells well.=The book which was written by Wang sells well.学习好资料欢迎下载状语从句省略将后面的省略从句的主语，主句和从句的主语保持一致，称为分词作状语； 1.ed 形式动词发生形式变化，主动语态变成ing 形式，若是被动语态，则变为。 2. 如前后主语不一致，则称为独立主格结构动词形式变化( -ed )。省略方式：关系词(可保留) +二、地点状语从句中的省略Because mum was ill,I didnt go to school.Mum being ill,I
9、didnt go to school.地点状语从句的省略常用下列结构： When he finished his homework,we went out toplay. where(ver) possible, where(ver) necessary,-He finishing his homework,we went out to play. 一、 时间状语从句中的省略Lay these books where possible you can find them easily. 把这些书放在你可能容易找到的地方。 When (she was) very young, she began
10、 to learn to play the piano. 她很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。Put in articles wherever necessary in the following passages. 在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠词。 While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大 学时就开始认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。三、条件状语从句中的省略到达之 When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me
11、a telegram.)后，来个电报。常用的句型是： if necessary, if possible, if true, if anyone 等。如：Send the goods now if (they are) ready. 走之货物如果准备好了，请送过来。 Before leaving, turn off all the lights. (Before you leave, turn off all the lights.) 前，请关闭所有的灯。He will come if (he is) asked. 如果叫他来，他就来。不叫你请你不要进来。 Dont come in until
12、 (you are) asked to.If (it is) necessary, ring me at home. 如果有可能，朝我家里打电话。不管什么时候只要有可能就Whenever (it is )possible, you should come and help.Come along with me if (it is) possible. 来帮忙。如果有可能和我一起去吧. 。If (it is) true, this will casue us a lot of trouble. 你应尽快让我们知道结如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻 You should let us know t
13、he result as soon as(it is) possible. 烦。果。There are few people nowadays, if (there are) any, who remember him. as 注： 在引导时间状语从句时，没有这种省略现象。我们不可说很少有人能As walking, shefound a nice shining thing on the ground. 记起他。学习好资料欢迎下载You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 你应呆在你现在的 The footba
14、ll player is rolling on the ground as if (he is) hurt badly in the leg. 足球运动员在操场上打着滚似乎他的腿伤得厉害。地方不动，除非叫你动He moved his lips as if （he wanted ）to speak. 他的嘴动着仿佛要说什么 四、让步状语从句中的省他真是个好人，尽管有时He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) rather dull.独立主格结构讲点无聊吉林省梨树县第二中王春我都不想即使邀我去Even if (I am ) invited to, I w
15、ont go to such a bad lecture如此坏的报告一、独立主格结构的概五、比较状语从句中的省她钢琴弹的我你弹的一样好She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you (do).)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构， 用Absolute Structur独立主格结构她这项工作比预料的She hasfinished the work earlier than (it has been ) expected.前完成这种结修饰整个句子独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号六、方式状语从句中的省其与主句分开。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式后还可n./a./ad.as if/as thoug他的行为举止好象是个傻子He acts as if (he were) a fool.二、独立主格结构基本构成形她和陌生人谈话彳以乎彳艮She talked to the stranger as if (she were) absent -minded.在意现在分词(过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语)名代他打抽屉仿
