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1、Unit 1 Ex. 1根据课文内容回答问题 A general-purpose puter has four main sections. They are the arithmetic and logic unit , the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices, collectively termed I/O. They are interconnected by busses, often made of groups of wires.(2) The control unit is often call
2、ed a control system or central controller. Read the code for the next instruction from the cell indicated by the program counter. Decode the numerical code for the instruction into a set of mands or signals for each of the other systems. Increment the program counter so it points to the next instruc
3、tion. Read whatever data the instruction requires from cells in memory, or perhaps from an input device. The location of this required data is typically stored within the instruction code. Provide the necessary data to an ALU or register. If the instruction requires an ALU or specialized hardware to
4、 plete, instruct the hardware to perform the requested operation. Write the result from the ALU back to a memory location or to a register or perhaps an output device. Jump back to the first step. The two classes of operations ALU is capable of performing are arithmetic and logic. Logic operations i
5、nvolve Boolean logic: AND, OR, XOR and NOT. A puters memory can be viewed as a list of cells into which numbers can be placed or read. Each cell has a numbered address and can store a single number. The two principal varieties of puter main memory are random access memory or RAM and read-only memory
6、 or ROM. In a PC, the specialized program called the BIOS orchestrates loading the puters operating system from the hard disk drive into RAM whenever the puter is turned on or reset. Software that is stored in ROM is often called firmware because it is notionally more like hardware than software. I/
7、O is the means by which a puter receives information from the outside world and sends results back.Ex. 2根据下面的英文解释,写出相应的英文词汇(1) input microprocessor program bus hardware memory output cell register addressEx. 3把下列句子翻译为中文 他进城的目的是买一台新计算机. 大多数在线服务都有自己的浏览器. 软盘可以是双倍密度的或者高密度的. 公式包括单元的地址. C语言也许最适宜被称为中级语言. 每
8、一个浏览器都有内置的功能来理解HTML. C语言是世界上最流行的计算机语言之一. Java技术既是一种编程语言,也是一个平台. 实际上,一个视窗管理器可以被看作是命令行操作系统的图形用户界面. 数据库管理系统处理用户对数据库的操作请求.Ex. 5将下列词填入适当的位置每词只用一次(1) hardware operate device other effective moving considered designer exists speed Ex.6根据课文内容回答问题(1) The puter enclosure is used to protect the ponents and cir
9、cuitry housed therein from physical damage, and to prevent electromagnetic signals generated by ponents of the puter from escaping and causing electromagnetic interference to other electronic devices in the vicinity of the puter.(2) A typical puter enclosure includes a chassis, an expansion card sea
10、t, a front bezel and a plurality of ponents connectable to external apparatus and systems. A general puter system is basically built with a motherboard, interface cards and peripherals. The motherboard is the physical arrangement that contains the systems basic circuitry and ponents. Memory is a sem
11、iconductor storage device for holding programs or data. Therere three basic forms of memories. They are dynamic storage, non-volatile memory and static memory. In dynamic storage, data must be constantly refreshed and data are erased when power is no longer applied to the cell. In non-volatile memor
12、y, data remains permanently in the cell even when power is not applied, and in static memory data does not need to be refreshed but its data is lost when power is no longer applied to the cell. RAM differs from ROM in that when power is disconnected from RAM, the data stored in random access memory
13、is lost whereas when power is disconnected from ROM the data stored in read only memory remains. ROM can be further categorized into a programmable read only memory , erasable programmable read only memory , and electrically erasable programmable read only memory . Whereas, RAM can be further catego
14、rized into a static random access memory and a dynamic random access memory . A puter data processor is often referred to as a microprocessor. A microprocessor is a circuit that bines the instruction-handling, arithmetic, and logical operations of a puter on a single semiconductor integrated circuit
15、. Microprocessors can be grouped into two general classes, namely general-purpose microprocessors and special-purpose microprocessors. A hard disk drive is a device that stores or reproduces data in a desired storage location by moving its magnetic head to the desired location in a head load state. The hard disk drive is standard equipment for personal puter, server or industrial puter. Generally, the HDD is electrically connec
