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1、2022年考博英语-江苏大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 翻译题Markets in stocks and commodities form a vital part of the American economic system. Millions of individuals buy and sell small lots of stocks and commodities while mutual funds and trusts trade in large lots. In good times, when it appears that prices will r
2、ise, money from savings or from other types of investment comes into market. When this happens, prices are driven higher. Often a period of speculation follows in which the “bull”, those who make money on a rising market, are in the ascendancy. When the market can no longer sustain the speculative f
3、ever, a reaction sets in, selling develops, and prices begin to fall. At this point the “bears”, or those who make money in a falling market, are fortunate. Americans buy almost everything on credit, and stocks are no exception. Usually an investor can make a stock purchase by paying 50 percent down
4、 and getting a loan on the remainder. This is called “margin” of 50 percent. The balance is borrowed from the brokerage as security.【答案】股票和期货市场构成了美国经济系统中的一个重要环节。数以百万计的个人买卖少量的股票和期货，而进行大量共同基金和信托的交易。在景气时期，当价格上涨时，储蓄资金或其他类型的投资资金就会进入市场。当这种情况发生时，价格就会被推高。通常接下来会有一段时间的投机买卖，在这段时间里，趁市场行情上涨而赚钱的“多头”占了上风。当市场不再持续投机
5、热，就会出现抛售反应，价格开始下跌。在这一点上，“看跌者”或那些在市场行情下跌中赚钱的人是幸运的。美国人几乎什么都是赊购，股票也不例外。通常情况下，投资者可以先付50%的首付，剩下的部分再贷款购买股票。这叫做用50%的“定金”来购买股票。投资人向经纪行借差额，把股票存放在经纪行里作抵押。2. 单选题Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure _.问题1选项A.than more on efficiencyB.and more on efficiencyC.and more
6、 efficiencyD.than efficiency【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. than more on efficiency更强调效率 B. and more on efficiency更强调效率C. and more efficiency更多效率 D. than efficiency比效率【考查点】并列。【解题思路】less emphasis on pressure是名词短语，表示“强调少的压力”，with后面只能跟名词或名词短语，所以空格处不可能是比较级，而是并列名词短语，前面是emphasis on，空格部分同样要表示emphasis on，介词on不可以省略，所以空格处是
7、and more on efficiency，故该题选择B项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合语法结构。【句意】有些公司采用弹性工作时间制，更注重效率而不是压力。3. 单选题Excited and unafraid, the _ child examined the stranger with bright-eyed curiosity.问题1选项A.empatheticB.drowsyC.hesitantD.inquisitive【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. empathetic体恤别人感受的；感同身受的 B. drowsy困倦的；昏昏欲睡的C. hesitant犹豫的；踌躇的 D
8、. inquisitive好奇的；好学的【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息with bright-eyed curiosity（睁着明亮好奇的眼睛）可知，_ child指的是“好奇的孩子”，故该题选择D项符合句意。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项都不符合句意。【句意】这个好奇的孩子感到兴奋而不害怕，睁着明亮的眼睛好奇地打量着那个陌生人。4. 单选题You may feel exhausted under stressful brainwork, heavy physical labor or panic and disconsolate moods.问题1选项A.pitifulB.cor
9、dialC.dismalD.rough【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. pitiful令人同情的；可怜的 B. cordial热情友好的；和蔼可亲的C. dismal忧郁的；凄凉的 D. rough粗糙的；不平滑的【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据所修饰的名词mood可知，disconsolate是和情绪相关的形容词，根据前文的feel exhausted（感到筋疲力尽）可推断，disconsolate的词义和负面情绪相关，只有C项词义与人本身的负面情绪相关，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。【句意】在紧张的脑力劳动、繁重的体力劳动或恐慌、忧郁的情绪下，你
10、可能会感到精疲力竭。5. 单选题The plane _, its bombs exploding as it hit the ground.问题1选项A.smashedB.crushedC.plungedD.crashed【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. smashed打碎；猛烈撞击 B. crushed压坏；压碎C. plunged使突然前冲（或下落） D. crashed碰撞；撞击【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据as it hit the ground（当它撞到地面时）可知，飞机是因碰撞而坠毁，空格处填入D项符合句意。【干扰项排除】A项是指用很大的力量移动某物使其猛烈撞击；B项不符合
11、句意；C项指突然向前或向下移动，不符合语境。【句意】飞机坠毁了，飞机上的炸弹在落地时爆炸。6. 单选题Some writers, from sheer exuberance or a desire to show off, interlard their work with foreign expressions, with no regard for the readers comfort.问题1选项A.sprinkleB.sprayC.scatterD.disperse【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. sprinkle撒；使某物包含少量的另一物 B. spray喷；喷洒C. scatte
12、r撒播；散开 D. disperse分散；疏散【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息with foreign expressions（用外来语）和with no regard for the readers comfort（完全不顾读者的感受）可推知，作者在作品中掺杂外来语言，interlard表示“掺杂”的意思，A项词义与之相近，故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。【句意】有些作家纯粹出于热情或炫耀的欲望，在自己的作品中掺杂外来语，完全不顾读者的感受。7. 单选题In business to-business markets, sales of some
13、software products languish because not enough independent software vendors write applications.问题1选项A.advertiseB.lastC.declineD.dominate【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. advertise（为）做广告；登广告 B. last持续C. decline减少；下降 D. dominate支配；控制【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息because not enough independent software vendors write applicatio
14、ns（由于没有足够多的独立软件供应商编写应用程序）可推知，sales of some software products languish指的是软件产品的销量下降，languish在句中表示“下降”，C项词义与之相近，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合划线单词词义。【句意】在企业对企业的市场中，由于没有足够多的独立软件供应商编写应用程序，一些软件产品的销售受到影响。8. 翻译题Ive come to appreciate that life has its own timetable. It takes nine months to make a baby, 2l years t
15、o make an adult. It takes a long time to become a good violinist or downhill skier. It also takes time to become a successand even more time to become a success as a person.Perhaps the last thing for controlling impatience is to examine your own contribution to it. Are you unwilling to grant children time to learn, or slow people time to accomplish a task? If impatience is only occasional, y
